Habib Talat, Nair Arun, Murphy Shane, Saeed Hamid, Ishaya Nyitiba
Department of Family Medicine, Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe Hospital, Kimberley, South Africa; and, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.
S Afr Fam Pract (2004). 2025 Apr 23;67(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.4102/safp.v67i1.6058.
Accurate arterial blood gas (ABG) interpretation is essential for primary care providers (PCPs), especially in emergency and inpatient settings where timely, informed decisions can significantly impact patient outcomes. This review guides PCPs from basic to advanced interpretation through a systematic five-step approach for ABG analysis, focussing on oxygenation, pH status, and metabolic and respiratory disorders. Emphasising the recognition of complex acid-base disorders that may coexist even when pH appears normal, it incorporates tools such as delta and osmolar gap calculations to address multiple concurrent metabolic disturbances and clarify the interpretation of mixed acid-base conditions. The article also briefly considers the use of arterial and venous blood samples in clinical practice.
准确解读动脉血气（ABG）对基层医疗服务提供者（PCP）至关重要，尤其是在急诊和住院环境中，及时、明智的决策会显著影响患者的治疗结果。本综述通过一种系统的五步ABG分析方法，指导基层医疗服务提供者从基础解读到高级解读，重点关注氧合、pH状态以及代谢和呼吸紊乱。它强调认识到即使pH看似正常时也可能并存的复杂酸碱紊乱，纳入了诸如差值和渗透压间隙计算等工具，以处理多种并发的代谢紊乱并阐明对混合酸碱状况的解读。本文还简要探讨了临床实践中动脉血和静脉血样本的使用。
