Mohr Isabelle, Brand Maximilian, Weber Christophe, Langel Andrea, Langel Jessica, Michl Patrick, Leidner Viola Yuriko, Olkus Alexander, Köhrer Sebastian, Merle Uta
Internal Medicine IV, Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany.
Internal Medicine III Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany.
JIMD Rep. 2025 May 6;66(3):e70021. doi: 10.1002/jmd2.70021. eCollection 2025 May.
SARS-CoV-2 infection and Long COVID (LC) might lead to a significant deterioration of physical and mental health. Wilson disease (WD) patients have a chronic liver and/or neuropsychiatric disease, making it particularly interesting to investigate LC in WD. 51 WD patients were retrospectively examined, evaluating physical and mental health by a survey and neuropsychological tests (SF-12, PSQI, ISI, Epworth, Chalder-fatigue scale, PHQ-9, GAD-7, PSS, FLei) before and ~11 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. LC was defined as the development of new, at least moderately severe symptoms (shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, brain fog, exercise capacity, concentration disturbances) and/or worsening of pre-existing symptoms. 70.6% had predominant hepatic and 29.4% had neuropsychiatric symptoms at WD diagnosis. Median age was 39 years; 56.1% were female. Patients were in stable maintenance phase with a median treatment duration of 23 years. When compared to before COVID-19, WD patients had significantly worse physical life quality, sleeping quality, and fatigue. After COVID-19, a high percentage of WD patients reported concentration disorders (60%), fatigue (55%), reduced exercise capacity (50%), shortness of breath (40%), chest pain (20%) and feeling of brain fog (15%). 39.2% ( = 20) of the WD patients were classified as LC. This LC-WD subgroup showed significantly impaired quality of life, a high stress level, and sleeping disturbances, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. A large proportion of WD patients experience LC symptoms, reduced life quality, and sleeping disorders after SARS-CoV-2 infection. WD patients post-infection should be well monitored and supported if they develop persisting symptoms or neuro-psychological problems.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染和新冠后遗症（LC）可能导致身心健康显著恶化。威尔逊病（WD）患者患有慢性肝脏和/或神经精神疾病，因此在WD患者中研究LC特别有意义。对51例WD患者进行回顾性检查，在SARS-CoV-2感染前和约11个月后通过调查和神经心理学测试（SF-12、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、失眠严重程度指数、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表、查尔德疲劳量表、患者健康问卷-9、广泛性焦虑障碍量表、压力知觉量表、疲劳量表）评估其身心健康状况。LC被定义为出现新的、至少中度严重的症状（呼吸急促、胸痛、疲劳、脑雾、运动能力、注意力障碍）和/或既往症状恶化。WD诊断时，70.6%的患者以肝脏症状为主，29.4%的患者以神经精神症状为主。中位年龄为39岁；56.1%为女性。患者处于稳定的维持期，中位治疗时间为23年。与新冠疫情前相比，WD患者的身体生活质量、睡眠质量和疲劳状况明显更差。新冠疫情后，高比例的WD患者报告有注意力障碍（60%）、疲劳（55%）、运动能力下降（50%）、呼吸急促（40%）、胸痛（20%）和脑雾感（15%）。39.2%（=20例）的WD患者被归类为LC。这个LC-WD亚组的生活质量明显受损，压力水平高，存在睡眠障碍、疲劳、抑郁、焦虑和认知障碍。很大一部分WD患者在SARS-CoV-2感染后出现LC症状、生活质量下降和睡眠障碍。感染后的WD患者如果出现持续症状或神经心理问题，应得到密切监测和支持。
