Raguraman Rajeswari, Munshi Anupama, Ramesh Rajagopal
Department of Pathology, and OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Department of Radiation Oncology, and OU Health Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2025 May-Jun;17(3):e70013. doi: 10.1002/wnan.70013.
The field of targeted therapy exploits the selective expression of therapeutic genes or proteins in diseased cells. While this area is gaining attraction in the context of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and other major health disorders, it has been most extensively explored in the realm of cancer. Targeted therapy has gained significance in the cancer field for its potential to address the limitations of conventional treatments and enhance patient survival. Interleukin-24 (IL-24), a versatile cytokine, has been evaluated as a cancer therapeutic in various preclinical cancer models and clinical trials, and has yielded promising results. Consequently, multiple studies highlight IL-24 as a viable "anti-cancer" therapeutic, with successful outcomes observed in combination therapies involving small molecule inhibitors, chemotherapeutic drugs, and radiation. Despite the evidence validating the tumor-suppressing properties of IL-24 in cancer models, there is a dearth of information regarding its role in other human diseases. The objective of this review is to offer a synopsis of the potential role of IL-24 in diverse human diseases. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive review of the progress in cancer therapy utilizing IL-24. Finally, from the author's standpoint, the review also addresses some of the limitations that impede the translational potential of IL-24-based therapy in clinical settings. It offers arguments in favor of incorporating IL-24-based targeted therapy as an effective and safer alternative for current treatment modalities, thereby highlighting its potential to revolutionize the field of therapeutics.
靶向治疗领域利用治疗性基因或蛋白质在患病细胞中的选择性表达。虽然这一领域在心血管疾病、糖尿病和其他主要健康疾病方面正日益受到关注，但在癌症领域的探索最为广泛。靶向治疗因其有潜力解决传统治疗的局限性并提高患者生存率，在癌症领域已变得至关重要。白细胞介素-24（IL-24）是一种多功能细胞因子，已在各种临床前癌症模型和临床试验中作为癌症治疗药物进行了评估，并取得了有前景的结果。因此，多项研究强调IL-24是一种可行的“抗癌”治疗药物，在涉及小分子抑制剂、化疗药物和放疗的联合治疗中观察到了成功的结果。尽管有证据证实IL-24在癌症模型中具有肿瘤抑制特性，但关于其在其他人类疾病中的作用的信息却很少。本综述的目的是概述IL-24在多种人类疾病中的潜在作用。此外，它还全面回顾了利用IL-24进行癌症治疗的进展。最后，从作者的角度来看，该综述还讨论了一些阻碍基于IL-24的治疗在临床环境中转化潜力的局限性。它支持将基于IL-24的靶向治疗作为当前治疗方式的一种有效且更安全的替代方案，从而突出其变革治疗领域的潜力。
