Patton Monica E, Moline Heidi L, Whitaker Michael, Tannis Ayzsa, Pham Huong, Toepfer Ariana P, Taylor Christopher A, Goldstein Leah, Reingold Arthur, Kirley Pam Daily, Alden Nisha B, Kawasaki Breanna, Meek James, Kim Daewi, Witt Lucy S, Openo Kyle P, Ryan Patricia A, Mumm Erica, Lynfield Ruth, Salazar-Sanchez Yadira, Pacheco Francesca, Keating Fiona, Anderson Bridget J, Tesini Brenda L, Felsen Christina B, Sutton Melissa, Thomas Ann, Schaffner William, Talbot H Keipp, Harbi Khalil, Doran Emma, Weinberg Geoffrey A, Staat Mary A, Payne Daniel C, Halasa Natasha B, Stewart Laura, Boom Julie A, Sahni Leila C, Klein Eileen J, Englund Janet A, Williams John V, Michaels Marian G, Schuster Jennifer E, Selvarangan Rangaraj, Szilagyi Peter G, Havers Fiona P, Dawood Fatimah S
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2025 May 8;74(16):273-281. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7416a1.
Maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine and nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody for infants aged 0-7 months and children aged 8-19 months who are at increased risk for severe RSV disease, became widely available for prevention of severe RSV disease among infants and young children during the 2024-25 RSV season. To evaluate the association between availability of these products and infant and child RSV-associated hospitalization rates, the rates among children aged <5 years were compared for the 2024-25 and 2018-20 RSV seasons using data from the RSV-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (RSV-NET) and New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN). Among infants aged 0-7 months (eligible for protection with maternal vaccination or nirsevimab), 2024-25 RSV-associated hospitalization rates were lower compared with 2018-20 pooled rates (estimated relative rate reductions of 43% [RSV-NET: 95% CI = 40%-46%] and 28% [NVSN: 95% CI = 18%-36%]). The largest estimated rate reduction was observed among infants aged 0-2 months (RSV-NET: 52%, 95% CI = 49%-56%; NVSN: 45%, 95% CI = 32%-57%) and during peak hospitalization periods (December-February). These findings support Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' recommendations for maternal vaccination or nirsevimab to protect against severe RSV disease in infants and highlight the importance of implementing the recommendations to protect infants as early in the RSV season as possible, before peak transmission, and for infants born during the RSV season, within the first week of life, ideally during the birth hospitalization.
母体呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）疫苗以及nirsevimab（一种长效单克隆抗体，用于0至7个月大的婴儿和8至19个月大且患严重RSV疾病风险增加的儿童）在2024 - 25年RSV流行季期间广泛用于预防婴幼儿严重RSV疾病。为评估这些产品的可及性与婴幼儿RSV相关住院率之间的关联，利用RSV相关住院监测网络（RSV - NET）和新疫苗监测网络（NVSN）的数据，比较了2024 - 25年和2018 - 20年RSV流行季5岁以下儿童的住院率。在0至7个月大的婴儿（有资格通过母体疫苗接种或nirsevimab获得保护）中，2024 - 25年RSV相关住院率低于2018 - 20年合并率（估计相对率降低43% [RSV - NET：95%置信区间 = 40% - 46%]和28% [NVSN：95%置信区间 = 18% - 36%]）。在0至2个月大的婴儿中观察到最大的估计率降低（RSV - NET：52%，95%置信区间 = 49% - 56%；NVSN：45%，95%置信区间 = 32% - 57%）以及在住院高峰期（12月至2月）。这些发现支持免疫实践咨询委员会关于母体疫苗接种或nirsevimab预防婴儿严重RSV疾病的建议，并强调在RSV流行季尽早实施这些建议以保护婴儿的重要性，即在传播高峰之前，对于在RSV流行季出生的婴儿，在出生后第一周内，理想情况下在出生住院期间。
