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在米赞-阿曼镇学龄儿童中开展预防性化疗七年后，利用寄生虫学指标评估土壤传播的蠕虫和曼氏血吸虫感染情况。

Assessing soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections using parasitological indicators after seven years of preventive chemotherapy among school-age children in Mizan-Aman town.

作者信息

Abera Mitiku, Belay Tariku, Emana Daniel, Mekonnen Zeleke

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia.

School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

出版信息

PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2025 May 8;19(5):e0013058. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0013058. eCollection 2025 May.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0013058

PMID:40338970

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12061090/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis and Schistosomiasis are major public health problems mainly among school-age children. Despite the seven years of implementing elimination program, the ongoing prevalence and intensity of both diseases have not been assessed in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to determine the parasitological indicator (prevalence and intensity) of soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections after seven years of preventive chemotherapy among school-age children in Mizan-Aman town.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 615 school-age children from January to February 2022 in Mizan-Aman Town. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Sociodemographic and associated factors were collected using a structured questionnaire. The stool samples were collected and processed using the double-slide Kato-Katz technique. The parasitological indicator was evaluated based on the thresholds set by the elimination program.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infection was 50.7% (95% CI: 46.8-54.8); with 2.4% moderate and heavy intensity, and Schistosoma mansoni infection prevalence was 25.4% (95% CI: 22.1-28.6), with 3.3% heavy intensity infection. School-age children in public schools; AOR: 3.92, (95% CI: 2.33-6.60), drinking river water; AOR: 1.79, (95% CI: 1.08-2.98), irregular handwashing before meals; AOR: 3.18, (95% CI: 1.24-8.35), eating unwashed fruits; AOR: 2.47, (95% CI: 1.56-3.92), and habits of soil contact; AOR: 2.48, (95% CI: 1.69-3.62), were associated factors for soil-transmitted helminths infection, whereas river swimming habits; AOR: 3.46, (95% CI: 2.18-5.50), bathing in the river; AOR: 3.29, (95% CI: 2.18-5.50), male gender; AOR: 1.72, (95% CI: 1.15-2.58), and school-age children in public schools; AOR: 2.36, 95% CI (1.19-4.68), were predictors of Schistosoma mansoni infection.

CONCLUSION

Despite the preventive chemotherapy that has been implemented in the study area, the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections persist at a high level. Hence, the preventive chemotherapy implementation could be revised and integrated with other control strategies for elimination.

摘要

背景

土壤传播的蠕虫病和血吸虫病是主要影响学龄儿童的重大公共卫生问题。尽管实施消除计划已有七年，但该研究地区这两种疾病的流行情况和感染强度尚未得到评估。因此，本研究旨在确定米赞 - 阿曼镇学龄儿童在进行七年预防性化疗后土壤传播蠕虫和曼氏血吸虫感染的寄生虫学指标（流行率和感染强度）。

方法

2022年1月至2月在米赞 - 阿曼镇对615名学龄儿童进行了一项横断面研究。研究参与者采用系统随机抽样技术选取。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学及相关因素。采集粪便样本并采用双面加藤厚涂片法进行处理。根据消除计划设定的阈值评估寄生虫学指标。

结果

土壤传播蠕虫感染的总体流行率为50.7%（95%置信区间：46.8 - 54.8）；中度和重度感染率为2.4%，曼氏血吸虫感染流行率为25.4%（95%置信区间：22.1 - 28.6），重度感染率为3.3%。公立学校的学龄儿童；调整优势比（AOR）：3.92，（95%置信区间：2.33 - 6.60），饮用河水；AOR：1.79，（95%置信区间：1.08 - 2.98），饭前不定期洗手；AOR：3.18，（95%置信区间：1.24 - 8.35），食用未清洗的水果；AOR：2.47，（95%置信区间：1.56 - 3.92），以及接触土壤的习惯；AOR：2.48，（95%置信区间：1.69 - 3.62），是土壤传播蠕虫感染的相关因素，而在河中游泳的习惯；AOR：3.46，（95%置信区间：2.18 - 5.50），在河中洗澡；AOR：3.29，（95%置信区间：2.18 - 5.50），男性；AOR：1.72，（95%置信区间：1.15 - 2.58），以及公立学校的学龄儿童；AOR：2.36，95%置信区间（1.19 - 4.68），是曼氏血吸虫感染的预测因素。