Wu Bo, Zhang Wenkai, Zhang Shiji, Zhou Hailong, Ruan Zhichao, Li Ming, Huang Dongmei, Dong Jianji, Zhang Xinliang
Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, and College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 8;16(1):4296. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59537-0.
The growing demand for enhanced computational power and energy efficiency has driven the development of optical Ising machines for solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, existing implementations face challenges in integration density and energy efficiency. Here, we propose a monolithically integrated four-spin Ising machine based on optoelectronic coupled oscillators. This system integrates a custom-designed Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) symmetric matrix with a high-efficiency optical-electrical coupled (OEC) nonlinear unit. The OEC unit has an ultra-compact 0.01 mm² footprint and achieves a power efficiency of 4 mW per unit, ensuring scalability. The reconfigurable real-valued coupling matrix achieves a mean fidelity of 0.986. The spin evolution time is measured as 150 ns, with a 1.71 ns round-trip time confirmed through bandwidth measurements. The system successfully finds ground states for various four-spin Ising problems, demonstrating its effectiveness. This work represents a significant step toward monolithic integration of all-optical physical annealing systems, minimizing footprint, power consumption, and convergence time.
对增强计算能力和能源效率不断增长的需求推动了用于解决组合优化问题的光学伊辛机的发展。然而，现有的实现方式在集成密度和能源效率方面面临挑战。在此，我们提出一种基于光电耦合振荡器的单片集成四自旋伊辛机。该系统将定制设计的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪（MZI）对称矩阵与高效光电耦合（OEC）非线性单元集成在一起。OEC单元具有超紧凑的0.01 mm²占地面积，每单元实现4 mW的功率效率，确保了可扩展性。可重构实值耦合矩阵实现了0.986的平均保真度。自旋演化时间测量为150 ns，通过带宽测量确认往返时间为1.71 ns。该系统成功地找到了各种四自旋伊辛问题的基态，证明了其有效性。这项工作代表了全光物理退火系统单片集成朝着最小化占地面积、功耗和收敛时间迈出的重要一步。
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