Fang Yisheng, Huang Junyi, Ruan Zhichao
Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Phys Rev Lett. 2021 Jul 23;127(4):043902. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.043902.
Statistical spin dynamics plays a key role in understanding the working principle for novel optical Ising machines. Here, we propose the gauge transformation for a spatial photonic Ising machine, where a single spatial phase modulator simultaneously encodes spin configurations and programs interaction strengths. Using gauge transformation, we experimentally evaluate the phase diagram of a high-dimensional spin-glass equilibrium system with 100 fully connected spins. We observe the presence of paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and spin-glass phases and determine the critical temperature T_{c} and the critical probability p_{c} of the phase transitions, which agree well with the mean-field theory predictions. Thus, the approximation of the mean-field model is experimentally verified in the spatial photonic Ising machine. Furthermore, we discuss the phase transition in parallel with solving combinatorial optimization problems during the cooling process and identify that the spatial photonic Ising machine is robust with sufficient many-spin interactions even when the system is associated with optical aberrations and measurement uncertainty.
统计自旋动力学在理解新型光学伊辛机的工作原理中起着关键作用。在此，我们提出了一种用于空间光子伊辛机的规范变换，其中单个空间相位调制器同时对自旋构型进行编码并设定相互作用强度。利用规范变换，我们通过实验评估了一个具有100个全连接自旋的高维自旋玻璃平衡系统的相图。我们观察到顺磁、铁磁和自旋玻璃相的存在，并确定了相变的临界温度(T_{c})和临界概率(p_{c})，它们与平均场理论预测结果吻合良好。因此，平均场模型的近似在空间光子伊辛机中得到了实验验证。此外，我们在冷却过程中讨论了与求解组合优化问题并行的相变，并确定即使系统存在光学像差和测量不确定性，空间光子伊辛机在具有足够多自旋相互作用时仍具有鲁棒性。
