Yang Hongbo, Luo Kai, Peters Brandilyn A, Wang Yi, Zhang Yanbo, Daviglus Martha, Pirzada Amber, Cordero Christina, Yu Bing, Burk Robert D, Kaplan Robert, Qi Qibin
Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Diabetes Care. 2025 Jul 1;48(7):1225-1232. doi: 10.2337/dc24-2816.
To examine associations of serum imidazole propionate (ImP), histidine, and their ratio with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related dietary and gut microbial factors in U.S. Hispanic/Latino people.
In the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we evaluated serum ImP, histidine, and ImP-to-histidine ratio at baseline (2008-2011) and their cross-sectional associations with dietary intake and prospective associations with incident T2D over ∼12 years (n = 4,632). In a subsample with gut microbiota data during a follow-up visit (2016-2018), we examined gut microbial species associated with serum ImP and their potential interactions with dietary intake.
Serum ImP and ImP-to-histidine ratio were positively associated with incident T2D (hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.17 [1.00-1.36] and 1.33 [1.14-1.55], respectively, comparing highest and lowest tertiles), whereas histidine was inversely associated with incident T2D (hazard ratio 0.75 [95% CI 0.64-0.86]). A higher amount of fiber intake was associated with lower serum ImP level and ImP-to-histidine ratio, whereas histidine intake was not associated with serum ImP level in the overall sample. Fifty-three bacterial species, including 19 putative ImP producers, were associated with serum ImP. Histidine intake was positively associated with serum ImP and ImP-to-histidine ratio only in participants with a high ImP-associated gut microbiota score (P = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively, for interaction). The associations of fiber intake with serum ImP and ImP-to-histidine ratio were partly mediated by ImP-associated gut microbiota (proportion mediated = 31.4% and 19.8%, respectively).
This study suggested an unfavorable relationship between histidine metabolism toward ImP production, potentially regulated by dietary intake and gut microbiota, and risk of T2D in U.S. Hispanic/Latino people.
研究美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群血清咪唑丙酸（ImP）、组氨酸及其比值与2型糖尿病（T2D）发病以及相关饮食和肠道微生物因素之间的关联。
在西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究中，我们在基线期（2008 - 2011年）评估了血清ImP、组氨酸和ImP与组氨酸的比值，并分析了它们与饮食摄入的横断面关联以及与约12年期间T2D发病的前瞻性关联（n = 4632）。在随访期间（2016 - 2018年）有肠道微生物群数据的子样本中，我们研究了与血清ImP相关的肠道微生物种类及其与饮食摄入的潜在相互作用。
血清ImP和ImP与组氨酸的比值与T2D发病呈正相关（最高和最低三分位数比较时，风险比[95%置信区间]分别为1.17[1.00 - 1.36]和1.33[1.14 - 1.55]），而组氨酸与T2D发病呈负相关（风险比0.75[95%置信区间0.64 - 0.86]）。较高的纤维摄入量与较低的血清ImP水平和ImP与组氨酸的比值相关，而在总体样本中组氨酸摄入量与血清ImP水平无关。53种细菌种类，包括19种推测的ImP产生菌，与血清ImP相关。仅在ImP相关肠道微生物群评分高的参与者中，组氨酸摄入量与血清ImP和ImP与组氨酸的比值呈正相关（交互作用的P值分别为0.03和0.02）。纤维摄入量与血清ImP和ImP与组氨酸比值的关联部分由ImP相关肠道微生物群介导（介导比例分别为31.4%和19.8%）。
本研究表明，在美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群中，组氨酸代谢生成ImP的过程可能受饮食摄入和肠道微生物群调节，这一过程与T2D风险之间存在不利关系。
