Yang Hongbo, Wang Yi, Luo Kai, Mossavar-Rahmani Yasmin, Cordero Christina, Ostfeld Robert J, Martinez Claudia, Maldonado Luis, Pirzada Amber, Daviglus Martha, Yu Bing, Hu Frank B, Kaplan Robert C, Qi Qibin
Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2025 Jul;122(1):92-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.05.008. Epub 2025 May 17.
Healthy dietary patterns are recommended to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the relationships among healthy dietary patterns, blood metabolite profile, and incident CVD are not well understood.
This study aimed to assess the associations of healthy dietary patterns and related serum metabolite profiles with incident CVD in United States Hispanic/Latino adults.
The study included 13,922 participants aged 18-74 y from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Dietary pattern scores, including Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2020, healthful Plant-based Diet Index (hPDI), and alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), were constructed at baseline (2008-2011) based on 2 24-h dietary recalls. The primary outcome was incident CVD, encompassing myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke. Dietary-pattern-associated metabolites were identified in a subsample of participants free of diabetes at baseline (n = 4096). Associations of dietary pattern scores, individual metabolites, and metabolite scores with incident CVD were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression.
During a median 9.7-y follow-up period, 260 CVD events occurred among 13,922 participants. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral factors, higher dietary pattern scores were associated with lower risk of CVD [hazard ratios (HRs) = 0.53 (95% confidence interval: 0.30, 0.92), 0.50 (0.27, 0.91) and 0.62 (0.36, 1.07) for HEI-2020, hPDI, and aMED, respectively, by comparing the highest tertile to the lowest tertile]. A total of 60 metabolites were identified to be associated with all 3 dietary pattern scores, including 45 metabolites positively and 15 metabolites negatively associated with dietary pattern scores. A total metabolite score based on these 60 dietary-pattern-associated metabolites was negatively associated with the risk of CVD after multivariable adjustment [HR = 0.57 (0.35, 0.92) by comparing the highest tertile to the lowest tertile].
Healthier diet patterns and related serum metabolite profiles are associated with a lower risk of CVD in United States Hispanic/Latino adults.
推荐采用健康的饮食模式来预防心血管疾病（CVD），然而健康饮食模式、血液代谢物谱与心血管疾病发病之间的关系尚未完全明确。
本研究旨在评估美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人中健康饮食模式及相关血清代谢物谱与心血管疾病发病之间的关联。
该研究纳入了西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究中13922名年龄在18 - 74岁的参与者。根据2次24小时饮食回忆在基线期（2008 - 2011年）构建饮食模式评分，包括健康饮食指数（HEI）- 2020、健康植物性饮食指数（hPDI）和替代地中海饮食评分（aMED）。主要结局是心血管疾病发病，包括心肌梗死、心力衰竭和中风。在基线期无糖尿病的参与者子样本（n = 4096）中鉴定出与饮食模式相关的代谢物。使用多变量Cox回归评估饮食模式评分、个体代谢物和代谢物评分与心血管疾病发病之间的关联。
在中位9.7年的随访期内，13922名参与者中发生了260例心血管疾病事件。在调整了人口统计学、社会经济和行为因素后，更高的饮食模式评分与更低的心血管疾病风险相关[将最高三分位数与最低三分位数相比，HEI - 2020、hPDI和aMED的风险比（HRs）分别为0.53（95%置信区间：0.30，0.92）、0.50（0.27，0.91）和0.62（0.36，1.07）]。共鉴定出60种代谢物与所有3种饮食模式评分相关，其中45种代谢物与饮食模式评分呈正相关，15种代谢物与饮食模式评分呈负相关。基于这60种与饮食模式相关的代谢物的总代谢物评分在多变量调整后与心血管疾病风险呈负相关[将最高三分位数与最低三分位数相比，HR = 0.57（0.35，0.92）]。
在美国西班牙裔/拉丁裔成年人中，更健康的饮食模式和相关血清代谢物谱与更低的心血管疾病风险相关。
