Abore Kibruyisfaw Weldeab, Asebot Melat Tesfaye, Kebede Gifty Berhanemeskel, Kasaye Robel Tibebu, Akuma Asonya Abera, Dagne Mahlet Minwuyelet, Tesfaye Tewobesta Fesseha, Abebe Mahlet Tesfaye, Fole Estifanos Bekele
Department of Ophthalmology, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 May 9;20(5):e0323601. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323601. eCollection 2025.
Trachoma is a leading infectious cause of blindness and of significant public health concern targeted for elimination. This study aimed to systematically summarize the magnitude of active trachoma among children aged 1-9 in Ethiopia from 2019-2024.
The review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42024514026). Database searches were conducted on Google Scholar, SCOPUS, PubMed, EMBASE, and Africans Journals Online (AJOL) for studies published between January 2019-31-March-2024 and with restriction to articles published only in English. Data extraction was done using a pre-prepared Excel sheet. STATA version 17 was used to perform the analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 statistics and Cochrane Q. Qualitative synthesis was done to summarize the studies and random effect model was used to estimate the Pooled magnitude of active trachoma with a corresponding 95% confidence interval.
A total of 17 studies with 19793 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled magnitude of active trachoma among children aged 1-9 years was found to be 18.4% (95% CI: 13.88, 22.91). We found a statistically significant heterogeneity between studies. Among the regions, Southwest region was found to have the highest magnitude (44.1%) (95%CI: 41.8%, 46.4%) and Dire Dawa was found to have the lowest (4.3%) (95%CI: 2.9%, 5.7%).
The magnitude of active trachoma is still higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) target for elimination. There was significant interregional difference in magnitude of active trachoma. Strengthening surgical treatment for trichiasis, antibiotic therapy, facial hygiene, and environmental improvement (SAFE) strategy and health education and promotion is recommended.
沙眼是导致失明的主要传染性病因，也是消除致盲目标中重大的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在系统总结2019年至2024年埃塞俄比亚1至9岁儿童活动性沙眼的严重程度。
该综述已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）上进行前瞻性注册（注册号：CRD42024514026）。在谷歌学术、Scopus、PubMed、EMBASE和非洲在线期刊（AJOL）上进行数据库检索，查找2019年1月至2024年3月31日期间发表的研究，并仅限于仅用英文发表的文章。使用预先准备好的Excel表格进行数据提取。使用STATA 17版进行分析。使用I²统计量和Cochrane Q评估研究之间的异质性。进行定性综合以总结研究，并使用随机效应模型估计活动性沙眼的合并严重程度及相应的95%置信区间。
荟萃分析共纳入17项研究，涉及19793名受试者。发现1至9岁儿童活动性沙眼的合并严重程度为18.4%（95%置信区间：13.88，22.91）。我们发现研究之间存在统计学上的显著异质性。在各地区中，西南地区的严重程度最高（44.1%）（95%置信区间：41.8%，46.4%），迪雷达瓦的严重程度最低（4.3%）（95%置信区间：2.9%，5.7%）。
活动性沙眼的严重程度仍高于世界卫生组织（WHO）的消除目标。活动性沙眼的严重程度存在显著的地区间差异。建议加强倒睫手术治疗、抗生素治疗、面部卫生和环境改善（SAFE）策略以及健康教育与促进。
