Singh Pawan K, Agarwal Shalini, Volpi Ilaria, Wilhelm Léa P, Becchi Giada, Keenlyside Andrew, Macartney Thomas, Toth Rachel, Rousseau Adrien, Masson Glenn R, Ganley Ian G, Muqit Miratul M K
MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.
Sci Adv. 2025 May 9;11(19):eadn2528. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2528.
Loss-of-function mutations in the PINK1 kinase lead to early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 is activated by mitochondrial damage to phosphorylate ubiquitin and Parkin, triggering mitophagy. PINK1 also indirectly phosphorylates Rab GTPases, such as Rab8A. Using an siRNA library targeting human Ser/Thr kinases in HeLa cells, we identified EIF2AK1 [heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) kinase], a branch of the integrated stress response (ISR), as a negative regulator of PINK1. EIF2AK1 knockdown enhances mitochondrial depolarization-induced PINK1 stabilization and phosphorylation of ubiquitin and Rab8A. These results were confirmed in SK-OV-3, U2OS, and ARPE-19 cells. Knockdown of DELE1, an activator of EIF2AK1, produced similar effects. Notably, the ISR inhibitor ISRIB also enhanced PINK1 activation. In human cells with mito-QC mitophagy reporters, EIF2AK1 knockdown or ISRIB treatment increased PINK1-dependent mitophagy without affecting deferiprone-induced mitophagy. These findings suggest that the DELE1-EIF2AK1 ISR pathway is a negative regulator of PINK1-dependent mitophagy. Further evaluation in PD-relevant models is needed to assess the therapeutic potential of targeting this pathway.
PINK1激酶的功能丧失突变会导致早发性帕金森病(PD)。PINK1通过线粒体损伤被激活,从而磷酸化泛素和Parkin,触发线粒体自噬。PINK1还间接磷酸化Rab GTP酶,如Rab8A。利用靶向HeLa细胞中人Ser/Thr激酶的siRNA文库,我们鉴定出整合应激反应(ISR)的一个分支EIF2AK1[血红素调节抑制剂(HRI)激酶]是PINK1的负调节因子。EIF2AK1基因敲低增强了线粒体去极化诱导的PINK1稳定以及泛素和Rab8A的磷酸化。这些结果在SK-OV-3、U2OS和ARPE-19细胞中得到了证实。敲低EIF2AK1的激活剂DELE1产生了类似的效果。值得注意的是,ISR抑制剂ISRIB也增强了PINK1的激活。在带有线粒体自噬报告基因mito-QC的人类细胞中,EIF2AK1基因敲低或ISRIB处理增加了PINK1依赖性线粒体自噬,而不影响去铁胺诱导的线粒体自噬。这些发现表明,DELE1-EIF2AK1 ISR途径是PINK1依赖性线粒体自噬的负调节因子。需要在与PD相关的模型中进行进一步评估,以评估靶向该途径的治疗潜力。