Vanni Nadir, Calora Mario, Mercurio Lucia, Giuri Antonella, Caricato Anna Paola, Chierchia Veronica, Carati Claudio, Po' Riccardo, Biagini Paolo, Valastro Salvatore, Smecca Emanuele, Mannino Giovanni, Alberti Alessandra, Rizzo Aurora
Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Campus Ecotekne, via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jul;12(25):e2501533. doi: 10.1002/advs.202501533. Epub 2025 May 8.
Semi-transparent solar cells represent an exciting opportunity for sustainable energy production, thanks to the possibility of being integrated into buildings and urban environments, effectively exploiting the already existing space. Perovskite solar cells (PCSs) are ideal candidates, offering high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) combined with a tuneable band gap and adjustable thickness, which allow a convenient modulation of the average visible transmittance (AVT). However, balancing high PCE and high AVT is a challenging target. This study uncovers that depositing the perovskite layer based on Formamidinium Lead Iodide (FAPbI) thin films in ambient air, rather than in a nitrogen-controlled atmosphere, allows an increase in the AVT value of up to > 40% while also enhancing the photovoltaic performance and stability. The optoelectronic quality of the as-obtained perovskite layer is substantially enhanced, showing fewer defects and a superior morphology. As a result, the air-deposited devices exhibit higher efficiency, which, combines with the enhanced AVT, results in a champion device with a light use efficiency (LUE) of 4.2%, having a PCE of 13.8% and AVT of 30.4%. The record LUE value and the possibility of being deposited in ambient air conditions pave the avenue toward the real-world application of semi-transparent PSCs.
半透明太阳能电池为可持续能源生产提供了一个令人兴奋的机会，这得益于其能够集成到建筑物和城市环境中，有效利用现有的空间。钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）是理想的选择，它具有高功率转换效率（PCE），同时带隙可调且厚度可调节，这使得平均可见光透过率（AVT）能够方便地进行调制。然而，平衡高PCE和高AVT是一个具有挑战性的目标。本研究发现，在环境空气中而非在氮气控制的气氛中沉积基于碘化甲脒铅（FAPbI）薄膜的钙钛矿层，可使AVT值提高多达>40%，同时还能提高光伏性能和稳定性。所获得的钙钛矿层的光电质量得到显著提高，缺陷减少且形貌更优。结果，空气沉积的器件表现出更高的效率，结合增强的AVT，得到了一个最佳器件，其光利用效率（LUE）为4.2%，PCE为13.8%，AVT为30.4%。创纪录的LUE值以及在环境空气条件下沉积的可能性为半透明PSC的实际应用铺平了道路。
