Sun Jin, Chen Zhuoru, Gao Xuehuan, Yang Keqin, Niu Zhiping, Yan Chenxi, Chen Han, Tang Hao, Du Shuang, Fang Xinyi, Hao Yihao, Su Chunxiao, Cai Yunfei, Liu Ningrui, Zhao Zhuohui
Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138452. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138452. Epub 2025 May 3.
This systematic review addressed critical knowledge gaps regarding the spatiotemporal patterns and human exposure to indoor gaseous pollutants (CO, SO₂, NO₂, O₃) in Chinese civil buildings (residences, schools, offices) from 2000 to 2021. A total of 108 field measurement studies revealed divergent temporal trends: a decline in indoor CO, SO, and NO concentrations over the past two decades in China, alongside a rise in indoor O concentrations. The highest CO (8.4 mg/m), SO (1473.6 μg/m³), and NO (217.0 μg/m³) concentrations were observed in northwest China. Time-weighted exposure assessments indicated elevated levels in children compared to adults (office workers) for CO (3.1 vs. 1.7 mg/m³), SO (248.4 vs. 239.5 μg/m³), and NO (50.5 vs. 42.3 μg/m³), while higher O₃ exposure was identified among office workers (25.0 vs. 21.1 μg/m³ in children). These findings underscore the urgency of implementing population-specific interventions, such as solid fuel replacement programs in high-burden rural regions and reducing the use of ozone-releasing appliances in office environments. Future efforts should prioritize formulating more stringent indoor air quality standards and establishing comprehensive long-term monitoring systems across different indoor environments, which would provide a robust foundation for refining population exposure models and developing targeted mitigation strategies aligned with spatiotemporal pollutant dynamics.
本系统综述解决了2000年至2021年中国民用建筑（住宅、学校、办公室）中室内气态污染物（一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、臭氧）的时空模式以及人类暴露情况方面的关键知识空白。总共108项实地测量研究揭示了不同的时间趋势：过去二十年中国室内一氧化碳、二氧化硫和二氧化氮浓度下降，同时室内臭氧浓度上升。在中国西北部观察到最高的一氧化碳（8.4毫克/立方米）、二氧化硫（1473.6微克/立方米）和二氧化氮（217.0微克/立方米）浓度。时间加权暴露评估表明，儿童在一氧化碳（3.1对1.7毫克/立方米）、二氧化硫（248.4对239.5微克/立方米）和二氧化氮（50.5对42.3微克/立方米）方面的暴露水平高于成年人（办公室工作人员），而办公室工作人员的臭氧暴露水平更高（儿童为21.1微克/立方米，办公室工作人员为25.0微克/立方米）。这些发现强调了实施针对特定人群的干预措施的紧迫性，例如在高负担农村地区实施固体燃料替代计划，以及在办公环境中减少使用释放臭氧的电器。未来的工作应优先制定更严格的室内空气质量标准，并在不同室内环境中建立全面的长期监测系统，这将为完善人群暴露模型和制定与时空污染物动态相适应的有针对性的缓解策略提供坚实基础。
