Franco Ilíada Lima, de Carvalho Palhano Travassos Letícia, Cavalcanti Renata Veiga Andersen, de Araujo Cristiano Miranda, Taveira Karinna Verissimo Meira, Pernambuco Leandro
Programa Associado de Pós-Graduação em Fonoaudiologia, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, João Pessoa, Brazil.
J Oral Rehabil. 2025 Jul;52(7):1124-1138. doi: 10.1111/joor.14000. Epub 2025 May 9.
Aging leads to changes that affect the functionality of the stomatognathic system, which can result in masticatory disorders. The loss or reduction in masticatory efficiency is often reported as one of the main complaints among healthy older adults. Due to variability and imprecision in prevalence estimates, there is a gap in specific knowledge about the true severity of masticatory issues in this population.
To determine the prevalence of masticatory disorders in community-dwelling older adults.
The prevalence of self-assessed masticatory disorders in community-dwelling older adults was investigated. A search was conducted in the electronic databases Cinahl, Embase, Lilacs, Livivo, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, OpenGrey and Proquest. The search strategy was adapted for each database using specific terms and keywords. Population-based cross-sectional/ecological studies that used questionnaires to identify masticatory disorders in individuals aged 60 years or older, living in the community were included. Of the 7008 articles identified in the databases and grey literature, 22 articles were included for data extraction and analysis.
High heterogeneity was observed among the prevalence estimates (I = 100%) for the different studies included in the analysis, which was not explained by the mean age of the study population or sample size when evaluated using a meta-regression model (p < 0.05). The pooled prevalence of masticatory disorders was 36% (95% CI = 0.28-0.43; I = 100%), with individual study estimates ranging from 4.3% to 61.7%.
The prevalence of self-assessed masticatory disorders in community-dwelling older adults is approximately 36%.
衰老会导致影响口颌系统功能的变化，进而可能引发咀嚼障碍。咀嚼效率的丧失或降低常被报告为健康老年人的主要主诉之一。由于患病率估计存在差异和不精确性，对于该人群咀嚼问题的真正严重程度，具体认识存在差距。
确定社区居住老年人咀嚼障碍的患病率。
调查社区居住老年人自我评估的咀嚼障碍患病率。在电子数据库Cinahl、Embase、Lilacs、Livivo、PubMed/Medline、Scopus、Web of Science、Google Scholar、OpenGrey和Proquest中进行检索。针对每个数据库，使用特定术语和关键词调整检索策略。纳入基于人群的横断面/生态学研究，这些研究使用问卷来识别居住在社区的60岁及以上个体的咀嚼障碍。在数据库和灰色文献中识别出的7008篇文章中，有22篇文章纳入数据提取和分析。
分析中纳入的不同研究的患病率估计值之间观察到高度异质性（I² = 100%），使用元回归模型评估时，研究人群的平均年龄或样本量无法解释这种异质性（p < 0.05）。咀嚼障碍的合并患病率为36%（95%CI = 0.28 - 0.43；I² = 100%），个别研究的估计值范围为4.3%至61.7%。
社区居住老年人自我评估的咀嚼障碍患病率约为36%。
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