Global Disparities in Congenital Hyperinsulinism Care.

Inadequately treated hypoglycemia can cause seizures, permanent brain injury, and death. Children with congenital hyperinsulinism-the leading cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infants and children-have a particularly high risk of brain injury. Early identification, diagnosis, initiation of therapy, and maintenance of euglycemia are critical to mitigate risks of hypoglycemia-induced morbidity for all children. Despite this, access to screening and diagnostic tests, standard of care treatment, and specialist care for children with hypoglycemia varies widely across socioeconomic and geographic populations. This review evaluates disparities in each of these elements-screening, diagnosis, treatment, longitudinal care, and outcomes-through the lens of hyperinsulinism.