有氧运动计划管理可改善患有抑郁症的超重/肥胖青少年的身心健康：一项回顾性研究的见解
Aerobic Exercise Program Management Enhances Mental and Physical Health in Overweight/Obese Adolescents With Depression: Insights From a Retrospective Study.
作者信息
Wang Jian, Zhang Hong
机构信息
Psychological Trauma Ward, Wuhan Mental Health Center Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030 Wuhan, Hubei, China.
出版信息
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2025 May;53(3):476-484. doi: 10.62641/aep.v53i3.1995.
BACKGROUND
Overweight/obese adolescents show higher rates of depression. This study aims to explore the effect of aerobic exercise program management on overweight/obese adolescents with depression.
METHODS
This retrospective study analyzed clinical data of overweight/obese adolescents with depression at Wuhan Mental Health Center, from June 2019 to June 2022. Propensity score matching (PSM), t-tests, and chi-square tests were applied. Observation indexes including Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 (HAMD-17), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), nursing effectiveness, and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74.
RESULTS
A total of 229 depressed overweight/obese adolescents were divided into two groups: the control group (n = 108) receiving routine care only, and the observation group (n = 121) receiving routine care along with aerobic exercise. After 1:1 PSM (caliper 0.02), groups (each group comprised 104 patients) showed no baseline differences. No significant differences were found in HAMA, HAMD-17, SCSQ, quality of life scores, BMI, and WHR pre-exercise (p > 0.05). Post-nursing care, the observation group exhibited significantly lower HAMA (t = 3.589, p = 0.001), HAMD-17 (t = 3.554, p = 0.001), SCSQ negative scores (t = 3.584, p = 0.001), BMI (t = 3.051, p = 0.003), and waist-to-hip ratio (t = 3.379, p = 0.001), with higher SCSQ positive (t = 3.443, p = 0.001) and quality of life in material life (t = 3.385, p = 0.001), physical function (t = 3.834, p < 0.001), social function (t = 3.485, p = 0.001), psychological function (t = 3.178, p = 0.002) compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The aerobic exercise program care for overweight/obese adolescents with depression, which is advocated and has a high nursing effect, can effectively improve the anxiety and depression of patients.
背景
超重/肥胖青少年的抑郁症发病率较高。本研究旨在探讨有氧运动项目管理对超重/肥胖抑郁症青少年的影响。
方法
本回顾性研究分析了2019年6月至2022年6月在武汉市精神卫生中心就诊的超重/肥胖抑郁症青少年的临床资料。采用倾向得分匹配（PSM）、t检验和卡方检验。观察指标包括汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项（HAMD-17）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、护理效果和生活质量综合评定问卷-74。
结果
共229名超重/肥胖抑郁症青少年被分为两组：对照组（n = 108）仅接受常规护理，观察组（n = 121）接受常规护理并进行有氧运动。经过1:1的PSM（卡尺0.02）后，两组（每组104例患者）在基线时无差异。运动前，两组在HAMA、HAMD-17、SCSQ、生活质量评分、BMI和WHR方面无显著差异（p > 0.05）。护理后，观察组的HAMA（t = 3.589，p = 0.001）、HAMD-17（t = 3.554，p = 0.001）、SCSQ消极应对得分（t = 3.584，p = 0.001）、BMI（t = 3.051，p = 0.003）和腰臀比（t = 3.379，p = 0.001）显著低于对照组，而SCSQ积极应对得分（t = 3.443，p = 0.001）以及物质生活（t = 3.385，p = 0.001）、生理功能（t = 3.834，p < 0.001）、社会功能（t = 3.485，p = 0.001）、心理功能（t = 3.178，p = 0.002）方面的生活质量显著高于对照组。
结论
对超重/肥胖抑郁症青少年实施有氧运动项目护理，具有较高的护理效果，能有效改善患者的焦虑和抑郁状况。
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