Kaur Harvinder, Bhalla Anil Kumar, Panigrahi Inusha, Kaur Rupinder, Sudhera Neha
Child Growth & Anthropology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Genetics & Metabolic Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Front Pediatr. 2025 Apr 28;13:1563501. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1563501. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to construct age- and sex-specific growth percentiles for head circumference (HC) that can be used as a reference for Indian children with Down syndrome (DS). Over 24 years, following a mixed-longitudinal growth research design, 2,327 head circumference measurements were performed on 1,125 (boys: 752, girls: 373) children with DS karyotypically proven as cases of free trisomy 21 who were aged <1 month to 10 years, following a standardized anthropometric technique. A steady increase in the mean head circumference of male and female children with DS was noted. Boys with DS had significantly larger HCs than girls. Our study showed that 12.9% of Down syndrome cases had normal head circumference, 27.2% had small heads, and the majority, 59.9%, had microcephaly. Head circumference percentiles for boys and girls with Down syndrome were constructed for ages <1 month to 10 years. There is a need to monitor the growth of children with Down syndrome using population-specific and specialized growth charts. The age- and sex-specific head circumference growth percentiles presented for Indian children with Down syndrome can be used for growth monitoring and inter-population comparison.
本研究旨在构建头围（HC）的年龄和性别特异性生长百分位数，可为患有唐氏综合征（DS）的印度儿童提供参考。在24年的时间里，采用混合纵向生长研究设计，按照标准化人体测量技术，对1125名（男孩：752名，女孩：373名）经核型证实为21号染色体游离三体的DS患儿进行了2327次头围测量，这些患儿年龄在1个月至10岁之间。研究发现，患有DS的男童和女童的平均头围均稳步增加。患有DS的男孩的头围明显大于女孩。我们的研究表明，12.9%的唐氏综合征患儿头围正常，27.2%的患儿头小，而大多数（59.9%）患儿患有小头畸形。构建了1个月至10岁患有DS的男童和女童的头围百分位数。有必要使用针对特定人群的专门生长图表来监测唐氏综合征患儿的生长情况。为患有唐氏综合征的印度儿童提供的年龄和性别特异性头围生长百分位数可用于生长监测和人群间比较。
