Awad Mohamed E, Lev Guy, Melton Danielle H, Shaw Kylie G, Thomsen-Freitas Peter B, Gaffney Brecca M M, Christiansen Cory L, Stoneback Jason W
Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
University of Colorado Bone-Anchored Limb Research Group (BALRG), Aurora, Colorado.
J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2025 May 13;107(14):1611-1619. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.24.00871.
Osseointegration of a bone-anchored limb (BAL) establishes a direct skeletal interface for prosthesis attachment, simplifying the donning/doffing process. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test reliably assesses mobility in individuals with lower-extremity amputation who use socket prostheses, but it does not account for the time required to don a prosthetic limb. The aim of this study was to develop and examine the reliability and validity of the Colorado Limb Donning-Timed Up and Go (COLD-TUG) test. This test combines the time required for donning a prosthesis with the time to complete the TUG test in lower-extremity amputees using a prosthesis.
Participants with a unilateral lower-extremity amputation were enrolled in this study; participants were divided into 2 groups: socket prosthesis users (n = 15) and BAL users (n = 22). The COLD-TUG test measured the time (in seconds) required to don the prosthesis, get up from a standard chair, walk 3 m, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down again. Group differences as well as the intrarater reliability and concurrent validity of the test were analyzed.
There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of baseline characteristics. The intrarater reliability of the COLD-TUG test was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.94; p = 0.001). The concurrent validity between the COLD-TUG test and the TUG test in BAL patients was good (r = 0.712; p = 0.006). Participants in the BAL group had a significantly shorter mean COLD-TUG time (16.6 ± 5.6 seconds) compared with participants in the socket-prosthesis group (85.3 ± 61.4 seconds) (p < 0.001).
The COLD-TUG test accurately measures prosthesis-donning burden in the context of functional mobility, thus providing valuable insights into functional abilities and quality of life. Use of a BAL was associated with a shorter donning time compared with use of a socket prosthesis.
Prognostic Level II . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
骨锚式肢体（BAL）的骨整合为假体附着建立了直接的骨骼界面，简化了穿脱过程。定时起立行走（TUG）测试可可靠地评估使用套筒式假肢的下肢截肢者的活动能力，但它没有考虑穿戴假肢所需的时间。本研究的目的是开发并检验科罗拉多肢体穿戴 - 定时起立行走（COLD - TUG）测试的可靠性和有效性。该测试将穿戴假肢所需的时间与使用假肢的下肢截肢者完成TUG测试的时间相结合。
本研究纳入了单侧下肢截肢的参与者；参与者分为两组：套筒式假肢使用者（n = 15）和BAL使用者（n = 22）。COLD - TUG测试测量穿戴假肢、从标准椅子上起身、行走3米、转身、走回椅子并再次坐下所需的时间（以秒为单位）。分析了两组之间的差异以及该测试的评分者内信度和同时效度。
两组在基线特征方面无显著差异。COLD - TUG测试的评分者内信度极佳（组内相关系数[ICC] = 0.94；p = 0.001）。COLD - TUG测试与BAL患者的TUG测试之间的同时效度良好（r = 0.712；p = 0.006）。与套筒式假肢组的参与者（85.3 ± 61.4秒）相比，BAL组的参与者平均COLD - TUG时间显著更短（16.6 ± 5.6秒）（p < 0.001）。
COLD - TUG测试在功能活动能力的背景下准确测量了穿戴假肢的负担，从而为功能能力和生活质量提供了有价值的见解。与使用套筒式假肢相比，使用BAL与更短的穿戴时间相关。
预后II级。有关证据水平的完整描述，请参阅作者指南。
