Wu Caili, Dagg Paul, Molgat Carmen
Tertiary Mental Health & Substance Use Services, Interior Health, Kamloops, BC, V2C 6W5, Canada.
Tertiary Mental Health & Substance Use Services, Interior Health, Kamloops, BC, V2C 6W5, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
J Psychiatr Res. 2025 Jul;187:101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.05.007. Epub 2025 May 12.
Inhibition of return (IOR) is a well-observed effect in attention orienting tasks. People are slower and/or less accurate to detect a target that appeared at a recently attended location than a novel one. Sometimes inhibition can slow the return of attention to a particular object (object-based IOR). Object-based IOR has been demonstrated in both dynamic and static displays. In static displays, presumably object-based IOR can be additive to location-based IOR. Research investigating IOR in patients with schizophrenia have yielded conflicting results. To date no study has examined object-based IOR in patients with schizophrenia. The current study used a cue back to fixation exogenous cuing paradigm with static displays to investigate both location-based and object-based IOR in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. The results showed that significant location-based IOR occurred in both groups, with reduced magnitude of IOR in the patient group than in the control group. No additive object-based IOR was observed in either group. Furthermore, IOR in patients did not correlate to their age, education, and symptom severity. However, it is possible that IOR is related to their general cognitive function. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that location-based IOR plays a much more essential role in the inhibitory mechanisms that facilitate visual search.
返回抑制（IOR）是注意定向任务中一种被广泛观察到的效应。人们在检测出现在最近注意过的位置的目标时，比检测新出现的目标速度更慢和/或准确性更低。有时抑制会减缓对特定物体的注意返回（基于物体的IOR）。基于物体的IOR已在动态和静态显示中得到证实。在静态显示中，基于物体的IOR大概可以与基于位置的IOR相加。对精神分裂症患者的IOR研究产生了相互矛盾的结果。迄今为止，尚无研究考察精神分裂症患者的基于物体的IOR。本研究采用静态显示的提示返回注视外源性提示范式，以考察精神分裂症患者和健康对照者基于位置和基于物体的IOR。结果表明，两组均出现显著的基于位置的IOR，患者组的IOR幅度低于对照组。两组均未观察到相加的基于物体的IOR。此外，患者的IOR与他们的年龄、教育程度和症状严重程度无关。然而，IOR有可能与他们的一般认知功能有关。总体而言，结果支持这样的假设，即基于位置的IOR在促进视觉搜索的抑制机制中起着更为重要的作用。
