Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi, Daly Michael, Robinson Eric
Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland.
Pediatr Res. 2025 May 13. doi: 10.1038/s41390-025-04113-x.
We examined the role of psychosocial factors in overweight and obesity development.
UK Millennium Cohort Study data of children with normal weight at baseline were analysed. Weight changes were determined from baselines at ages 11 (n = 7979) and 14 (n = 6906) to follow-up at age 17. Baseline individual psychosocial factors were combined into two distinct indexes (caregiver-reported child mental health, child-reported psychosocial well-being). Regression models examined the associations between baseline indexes and individual psychosocial factors and overweight and obesity development (vs. no development) and body mass index (BMI) z-score changes.
Worse child mental health, but not psychosocial well-being, at age 11 was associated with overweight and obesity development (OR = 1.14; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.27) and increased BMI z-scores (β = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.04, 0.12) to age 17. No psychosocial indexes at age 14 predicted the outcomes. Further analyses showed that child mental health at ages 11 vs. 14 was more likely to predict the outcomes. Based on individual factors, externalising symptoms and experiencing peer bullying at age 11 may be important contributors to overweight and obesity development.
Poor child mental health at age 11 is associated with overweight and obesity development by age 17. Late childhood/early adolescence may be a sensitive period in which psychosocial factors predict body weight trajectories.
Worse psychosocial factors, particularly poor mental health, at ages 11, but not 14, were associated with overweight and obesity development and increased BMI z-scores by age 17. Late childhood/early adolescence may be a sensitive period for mental health in predicting future weight change. Future research will benefit from exploring this potential sensitive period and understanding potential mechanisms.
我们研究了社会心理因素在超重和肥胖发展过程中的作用。
对英国千禧队列研究中基线体重正常儿童的数据进行分析。确定从11岁（n = 7979）和14岁（n = 6906）时的基线到17岁随访期间的体重变化。将基线时的个体社会心理因素合并为两个不同的指标（照顾者报告的儿童心理健康、儿童报告的社会心理幸福感）。回归模型检验了基线指标与个体社会心理因素以及超重和肥胖发展（与未发展相比）和体重指数（BMI）z评分变化之间的关联。
11岁时儿童心理健康状况较差，但社会心理幸福感并非如此，这与超重和肥胖发展（比值比[OR]=1.14；95%置信区间[CI]=1.02，1.27）以及到17岁时BMI z评分升高（β=0.08；95%CI=0.04，0.12）相关。14岁时的社会心理指标均未预测到这些结果。进一步分析表明，11岁与14岁时的儿童心理健康更有可能预测这些结果。基于个体因素，11岁时的外化症状和遭受同伴欺凌可能是超重和肥胖发展的重要促成因素。
11岁时儿童心理健康不佳与17岁时超重和肥胖发展相关。童年晚期/青春期早期可能是社会心理因素预测体重轨迹的敏感期。
11岁而非14岁时较差的社会心理因素，尤其是心理健康不佳，与超重和肥胖发展以及到17岁时BMI z评分升高相关。童年晚期/青春期早期可能是心理健康预测未来体重变化的敏感期。未来的研究将受益于探索这一潜在敏感期并了解潜在机制。
