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通过原位点击化学发现基于硼酸的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂

Discovery of Boronic Acids-Based β-Lactamase Inhibitors Through In Situ Click Chemistry.

作者信息

Santi Nicolò, Piccirilli Alessandra, Corsini Federico, Taracila Magdalena A, Perilli Mariagrazia, Bonomo Robert A, Fini Francesco, Prati Fabio, Caselli Emilia

机构信息

Department of Life Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.

Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 28;26(9):4182. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094182.

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated in situ click chemistry as a platform for discovering boronic acid-based β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs). Unlike conventional drug discovery approaches requiring multi-step synthesis, protection strategies, and extensive screening, the in situ method can allow for the generation and identification of potent β-lactamase inhibitors in a rapid, economic, and efficient way. Using KPC-2 (class A carbapenemase) and AmpC (class C cephalosporinase) as templates, we demonstrated their ability to catalyse azide-alkyne cycloaddition, facilitating the formation of triazole-based β-lactamase inhibitors. Initial screening of various β-lactamases and boronic warheads identified compound (3-azidomethylphenyl boronic acid) as the most effective scaffold for kinetic target-guided synthesis (KTGS). KTGS experiments with AmpC and KPC-2 yielded triazole inhibitors with values as low as 140 nM (compound , AmpC) and 730 nM (compound , KPC-2). Competitive inhibition studies confirmed triazole formation within the active site, while an LC-MS analysis verified that the reversible covalent interaction of boronic acids did not affect detection of the in situ-synthesised product. While KTGS successfully identified potent inhibitors, limitations in amplification coefficients and spatial constraints highlight the need for optimised warhead designs. This study validates KTGS as a promising strategy for BLI discovery and provides insights for further refinement in fighting β-lactamase-mediated antibiotic resistance.

摘要

在本研究中,我们评估了原位点击化学作为发现基于硼酸的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂(BLIs)的平台。与需要多步合成、保护策略和广泛筛选的传统药物发现方法不同,原位方法能够以快速、经济且高效的方式生成并鉴定强效β-内酰胺酶抑制剂。以KPC-2(A类碳青霉烯酶)和AmpC(C类头孢菌素酶)为模板,我们证明了它们催化叠氮化物-炔烃环加成反应的能力,促进了基于三唑的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的形成。对各种β-内酰胺酶和硼酸弹头的初步筛选确定化合物(3-叠氮甲基苯基硼酸)是动力学靶点导向合成(KTGS)最有效的支架。用AmpC和KPC-2进行的KTGS实验产生了低至140 nM(化合物,AmpC)和730 nM(化合物,KPC-2)的三唑抑制剂。竞争性抑制研究证实了活性位点内三唑的形成,并通过LC-MS分析验证了硼酸的可逆共价相互作用不影响原位合成产物的检测。虽然KTGS成功鉴定出了强效抑制剂,但扩增系数和空间限制方面的局限性突出了优化弹头设计的必要性。本研究验证了KTGS作为发现BLI的一种有前景的策略,并为进一步对抗β-内酰胺酶介导的抗生素耐药性提供了改进思路。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/29f6/12071365/99985b634a1f/ijms-26-04182-g001.jpg

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