Wang Zhibo, Guo Jiahe, Dong Tianning, Liang Yaxu, Liu Zhipeng, Wang Feng, Zhang Yanli
Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Shanghai Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Shanghai 201103, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 29;26(9):4236. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094236.
Placental development plays a pivotal role in ensuring successful pregnancy outcomes, yet its molecular regulatory mechanisms in sheep remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to systematically investigate stage-specific proteomic dynamics and functional adaptations in ovine placental tissues across gestation to elucidate molecular drivers of placental maturation. Using data-independent acquisition proteomics, we identified 7774 proteins in Hu sheep placental tissues at gestational days 50, 80, and 120. Comparative analysis revealed 1450, 1026, and 1964 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the 50 d vs. 80 d, 80 d vs. 120 d, and 50 d vs. 120 d comparisons, respectively. DEPs were functionally enriched in biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, nutrient transport, and steroid synthesis, with prominent involvement of the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and estrogen signaling pathways. Protein interaction networks identified SRC, MAP3K1, KRAS, and TJP1 as central regulators exhibiting dynamic expression patterns across gestation. Temporal expression trends showed progressive upregulation of tight junction, immune response, and glucose metabolism proteins, contrasting with downregulation of endoplasmic reticulum protein processing and proteasome components. Validation experiments confirmed elevated proliferation/transport gene expression at 80 d versus 50 d, followed by increased apoptosis/transport genes and decreased proliferation markers at 120 d. This comprehensive proteomic profiling reveals stage-specific regulatory networks governing placental development in sheep, highlighting coordinated shifts in proliferative, metabolic, and structural remodeling processes. These findings advance our understanding of placental adaptation mechanisms and provide valuable insights for improving reproductive management in livestock species.
胎盘发育在确保妊娠成功结局中起着关键作用，然而其在绵羊中的分子调控机制仍未得到充分表征。本研究旨在系统地研究绵羊整个妊娠期胎盘组织中特定阶段的蛋白质组动力学和功能适应性，以阐明胎盘成熟的分子驱动因素。使用数据非依赖采集蛋白质组学技术，我们在妊娠第50天、80天和120天的湖羊胎盘组织中鉴定出7774种蛋白质。比较分析显示，在50天与80天、80天与120天以及50天与120天的比较中，分别有1450种、1026种和1964种差异表达蛋白（DEP）。DEP在包括细胞增殖、凋亡、血管生成、营养物质运输和类固醇合成等生物学过程中功能富集，PI3K-Akt、MAPK和雌激素信号通路显著参与其中。蛋白质相互作用网络确定SRC、MAP3K1、KRAS和TJP1为核心调节因子，它们在整个妊娠期呈现动态表达模式。时间表达趋势显示紧密连接、免疫反应和葡萄糖代谢蛋白逐渐上调，而内质网蛋白加工和蛋白酶体成分则下调。验证实验证实，与50天相比，80天时增殖/运输基因表达升高，随后在120天时凋亡/运输基因增加，增殖标志物减少。这种全面的蛋白质组分析揭示了调控绵羊胎盘发育的特定阶段调控网络，突出了增殖、代谢和结构重塑过程中的协调变化。这些发现增进了我们对胎盘适应机制的理解，并为改善家畜繁殖管理提供了有价值的见解。
