Akshaykirthan J P, Somannavar Manjunath S, Deepthy M S, Charantimath Umesh, Yogeshkumar S, Patil Amaresh, Bellad Mrutyunjaya B, Derman Richard, Goudar Shivaprasad S
Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
Women's & Children's Health Research Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India.
Nutrients. 2025 May 5;17(9):1584. doi: 10.3390/nu17091584.
Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy poses risks to mothers and infants. This study aimed to correlate maternal iron indices in the second trimester with cord blood indices and pregnancy outcomes. This prospective cohort study was nested within the RAPIDIRON Trial (Reducing Anaemia in Pregnancy in India) at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Karnataka, India. A total of 292 pregnant women with moderate anemia who received oral iron supplementation were enrolled from April 2021 to May 2023. Maternal iron indices were measured at multiple time points and correlated with cord blood indices and pregnancy outcomes. Increased hemoglobin levels were observed in mothers of preterm and term neonates from 8.92 ± 0.81 vs. 9.02 ± 0.77 g/dL at 12-16 weeks to 11.14 ± 1.31 vs. 10.73 ± 1.24 g/dL at 26-30 weeks. A similar trend was observed in mothers across birth weight groups. Ferritin and TSAT levels significantly increased in all outcome groups ( < 0.001), peaking at 20-24 weeks and then slightly declining at 26-30 weeks. Additionally, maternal sTfR levels significantly improved from the early (7.72 ± 1.33 vs. 7.51 ± 1.61) to late second trimester (5.87 ± 0.81 vs. 5.76 ± 1.11) in mothers of both anemic and non-anemic neonates ( < 0.001). Maternal sTfR in other outcome groups also showed a similar pattern. A negligible correlation was found between maternal and cord blood iron indices. Maternal iron indices increased from the early to mid-second trimester, followed by a slight fall in the late second trimester. Notably, higher iron indices were observed in mothers of preterm and low-birth-weight neonates.
妊娠期缺铁性贫血对母亲和婴儿都有风险。本研究旨在探讨孕中期母体铁指标与脐血指标及妊娠结局之间的相关性。这项前瞻性队列研究嵌套于印度卡纳塔克邦贾瓦哈拉尔尼赫鲁医学院的RAPIDIRON试验（印度妊娠期贫血减少试验）中。2021年4月至2023年5月，共有292名接受口服铁剂补充的中度贫血孕妇入组。在多个时间点测量母体铁指标，并将其与脐血指标和妊娠结局进行相关性分析。早产和足月新生儿母亲的血红蛋白水平从12 - 16周时的8.92±0.81 vs. 9.02±0.77 g/dL升高至26 - 30周时的11.14±1.31 vs. 10.73±1.24 g/dL。在不同出生体重组的母亲中也观察到了类似趋势。所有结局组的铁蛋白和转铁蛋白饱和度水平均显著升高（<0.001），在20 - 24周达到峰值，然后在26 - 30周略有下降。此外，贫血和非贫血新生儿母亲的母体可溶性转铁蛋白受体水平从孕中期早期（7.72±1.33 vs. 7.51±1.61）到晚期（5.87±0.81 vs. 5.76±1.11）均显著改善（<0.001）。其他结局组的母体可溶性转铁蛋白受体也呈现类似模式。母体和脐血铁指标之间的相关性可忽略不计。母体铁指标从孕中期早期到中期升高，随后在孕中期晚期略有下降。值得注意的是，早产和低出生体重新生儿的母亲铁指标较高。
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