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聚氯乙烯、热塑性聚氨酯和生物增塑剂共混物的热力学与工艺兼容性

Thermodynamic and Technological Compatibility of Polyvinyl Chloride, Thermoplastic Polyurethane, and Bio-Plasticizer Blends.

作者信息

Minale Yitbarek Firew, Gajdoš Ivan, Štefčák Pavol, Dulebová Ľudmila, Jachowicz Tomasz, Szabó Tamás, Ádámné Major Andrea, Marossy Kálmán

机构信息

Institute of Energy, Ceramics and Polymer Technology, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Hungary.

Department of Chemical Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 6000, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;17(9):1149. doi: 10.3390/polym17091149.

DOI:10.3390/polym17091149
PMID:40362934
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12073483/
Abstract

Polymer blending enhances material properties by combining different polymers, which requires careful consideration of both thermodynamic and technological compatibility. This study investigates the compatibility of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and a bio-plasticizer in blends produced via roll milling at various mixing ratios. Compatibility and morphology were analyzed using thermally stimulated discharge (TSD), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while mechanical and thermal properties were assessed by mechanical testing and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The PVC/TPU (100/30) blend exhibited superior phase compatibility over PVC/TPU (100/50), as indicated by a single relaxation peak in TSD and DMA, along with a more homogeneous morphology and enhanced tensile properties. The PVC/TPU/bio-plasticizer (100/20/50) blend showed a well-balanced mechanical performance and improved phase homogeneity. The TSD peak maxima trends for the TPU/bio-plasticizer blend highlighted the bio-plasticizer's dual role in enhancing flexibility at low concentrations while restricting molecular mobility at higher concentrations. TGA revealed TPU's positive effect on PVC's degradation profile, while the bio-plasticizer reduced thermal stability. These findings demonstrate that blending PVC, TPU, and bio-plasticizer creates compatible materials with enhanced and diverse properties, making them suitable for industrial applications.

摘要

聚合物共混通过结合不同的聚合物来提高材料性能，这需要仔细考虑热力学和工艺相容性。本研究调查了聚氯乙烯（PVC）、热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）和一种生物增塑剂在通过辊磨以不同混合比例制备的共混物中的相容性。使用热刺激放电（TSD）、动态力学分析（DMA）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析相容性和形态，同时通过力学测试和热重分析（TGA）评估力学和热性能。如TSD和DMA中的单个弛豫峰所示，PVC/TPU（100/30）共混物比PVC/TPU（100/50）表现出更好的相相容性，同时具有更均匀的形态和增强的拉伸性能。PVC/TPU/生物增塑剂（100/20/50）共混物表现出平衡的力学性能和改善的相均匀性。TPU/生物增塑剂共混物的TSD峰最大值趋势突出了生物增塑剂在低浓度下增强柔韧性而在高浓度下限制分子迁移率的双重作用。TGA显示TPU对PVC的降解曲线有积极影响，而生物增塑剂降低了热稳定性。这些发现表明，将PVC、TPU和生物增塑剂共混可制备出具有增强和多样性能的相容性材料，使其适用于工业应用。

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