Madkour Khaled, Kimera Fahad, Mugwanya Muziri, Eissa Rafat A, Nasr-Eldahan Sameh, Aref Kholoud, Ahmed Walaa, Farouk Eman, Dawood Mahmoud A O, Abdelmaksoud Yasmine, Abdelkader Mohamed F, Sewilam Hani
Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability (CARES), School of Science and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 29;14(9):1346. doi: 10.3390/plants14091346.
Integrated aquaculture-agriculture systems (IAASs) offer a sustainable approach to mitigating soil salinity by utilizing aquaculture effluents for irrigation. This study evaluates the growth performance of Nile tilapia () and red tilapia ( spp.) under varying salinity conditions and investigates their effluents on intercropped wheat and sugar beet. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with seven treatments: control (chemical fertilizers dissolved in freshwater) and brackish water effluents from Nile tilapia and red tilapia at salinities of 5 ppt and 10 ppt as monocultures or mixed polycultures. Fish growth parameters were assessed, while wheat and sugar beet morphological and yield traits were monitored. Statistical analyses, including correlation and principal component analysis, were performed. Red tilapia outperformed Nile tilapia at 10 ppt salinity, achieving the highest final weight (174.52 ± 0.01 g/fish) and weight gain (165.78 ± 0.01 g/fish), while the mixed polyculture at 10 ppt exhibited optimal feed conversion (FCR: 1.32 ± 0.01). Wheat growth and yield traits (plant height, stalk diameter, and panicle weight) declined significantly under salinity stress, with 10 ppt treatments reducing plant height by ~57% compared to the control. Conversely, sugar beet demonstrated resilience, with total soluble solids (TSS) increasing by 20-30% under salinity. The mixed effluent partially mitigated salinity effects on wheat at 5 ppt but not at 10 ppt. This study highlights the potential of IAAS in saline environments, demonstrating red tilapia's adaptability and sugar beet's resilience to salinity stress. In contrast, wheat suffered significant reductions in growth and yield.
综合水产养殖-农业系统（IAASs）提供了一种可持续的方法，通过利用水产养殖废水进行灌溉来减轻土壤盐分。本研究评估了尼罗罗非鱼（）和红罗非鱼（ spp.）在不同盐度条件下的生长性能，并研究了它们的废水对间作小麦和甜菜的影响。采用随机区组设计进行了田间试验，有七种处理：对照（化学肥料溶解在淡水中）以及尼罗罗非鱼和红罗非鱼在盐度为5 ppt和10 ppt时作为单养或混养的咸水废水。评估了鱼类生长参数，同时监测了小麦和甜菜的形态和产量性状。进行了包括相关性和主成分分析在内的统计分析。在10 ppt盐度下，红罗非鱼的表现优于尼罗罗非鱼，最终体重最高（174.52±0.01克/鱼），体重增加量最大（165.78±0.01克/鱼），而10 ppt的混养表现出最佳的饲料转化率（FCR：1.32±0.01）。在盐胁迫下，小麦的生长和产量性状（株高、茎直径和穗重）显著下降，10 ppt处理的株高与对照相比降低了约57%。相反，甜菜表现出抗逆性，在盐度下总可溶性固形物（TSS）增加了20 - 30%。混合废水在5 ppt时部分减轻了对小麦的盐度影响，但在10 ppt时没有。本研究突出了IAAS在盐渍环境中的潜力，证明了红罗非鱼的适应性和甜菜对盐胁迫的抗逆性。相比之下，小麦的生长和产量大幅下降。
