Li Pengfei, Wu Haiyan, Guo Shizhen, Wang Shunlin, Zhang Mimi, Liu Mengyang, Ma Wei, Zhao Jianjun, Tan Chen, Cui Cheng, Ge Xianhong, Li Zaiyun
Resource Institute for Chinese and Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Resource-Efficient Utilization of Dao-Di Herbs, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Oil Crop Improvement (Wuhan), College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 May 14;138(6):118. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-04899-8.
Brassica rapa-nigra monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) were developed and compared with B. oleracea-nigra MAALs containing the same B-genome chromosomes. The diploid Brassica nigra (black mustard) is the donor of the B-genome for two allotetraploids: B. juncea (AABB) and B. carinata (BBCC). To dissect the B-genome of B. nigra within the A-genome background of B. rapa, the progenies of resynthesized B. juncea, successively pollinated by the parental B. rapa, were screened using cytological methods and molecular markers. Seven out of eight B. rapa-nigra MAALs (2n = 21, AA + 1B) were obtained, except for the AA-B6 MAAL. The additional chromosome appeared as one univalent in 86.76% of pollen mother cells and formed one trivalent with two A-genome chromosomes in 13.24% of cells. Different alien B-genome chromosomes were transmitted to progeny at varying rates, with higher transmission rates via female gametes (averaging 13.59%) than via male gametes (7.31%). These MAALs exhibited significant phenotypic variations which were either of parental origins or novel traits, and chromosomal locations of some traits from B. nigra or genetic interactions were realized from the joint results of B. rapa-nigra and B. oleracea-nigra MAALs with the same additional B-subgenome chromosomes. Comparison analyses of these two sets of MAALs provided new insights into the genetic interplay of the B-genome with A- and C-genomes in these two allotetraploids.
开发了白菜-黑芥单体异附加系（MAALs），并将其与含有相同B基因组染色体的甘蓝-黑芥MAALs进行比较。二倍体黑芥（黑芥菜）是两种异源四倍体——芥菜（AABB）和埃塞俄比亚芥（BBCC）的B基因组供体。为了在白菜的A基因组背景下剖析黑芥的B基因组，利用细胞学方法和分子标记对由亲本白菜连续授粉的人工合成芥菜的后代进行筛选。获得了8个白菜-黑芥MAALs中的7个（2n = 21，AA + 1B），除了AA-B6 MAAL。在86.76%的花粉母细胞中，额外的染色体表现为单价体，在13.24%的细胞中与两条A基因组染色体形成三价体。不同的外源B基因组染色体以不同的速率传递给后代，通过雌配子的传递率更高（平均13.59%），高于雄配子（7.31%）。这些MAALs表现出显著的表型变异，这些变异要么源于亲本，要么是新性状，通过白菜-黑芥和甘蓝-黑芥MAALs与相同的额外B亚基因组染色体的联合结果，实现了一些来自黑芥的性状的染色体定位或遗传相互作用。对这两组MAALs的比较分析为B基因组与这两种异源四倍体中A和C基因组的遗传相互作用提供了新的见解。
