Naidu Disha, Althaf Umar K P, Muhsina K, Augustine Sanu, Jeengar Manish Kumar, S K Kanthlal
Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, Kerala, India.
Department of Pharmacology, Sree Krishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Parassala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695502, India.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2025 May 14;14(1):66. doi: 10.1007/s13668-025-00656-x.
Although adipose tissue controls metabolism and protects vital organs, its importance to general health is being highlighted by the rise in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipokines produced by adipose cells are essential regulators of metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory response. It also protects vascular endothelial cells for its potential implications for cardiovascular protection. Understanding its intricate involvement in adipose tissue-endothelial communication is critical in developing targeted therapeutics to treat cardiovascular conditions linked with obesity and metabolic dysregulation. Spices from the Zingiberaceae family, such as cardamom, turmeric, and ginger, have anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties that help reduce oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and adipocyte-endothelial crosstalk which are all linked to the etiology of CVD. Comprehensive molecular insights into how they modulate adipokine signalling, inflammatory pathways, and ROS-induced adipocyte-vascular interactions remain unexplored, demanding additional translational and clinical validation. With an emphasis on patients with obesity and metabolic dysregulation, the investigation aims to elucidate the mechanisms by which the spice as whole/bioactive constituents of the Zingiberaceae family may provide protection against CVD by integrating previous studies.
Current research continues to support the use of spices from the Zingiberaceae family, such as ginger, turmeric, cardamom, and pepper, as potential therapeutic agents for addressing metabolic complications like obesity, type II diabetes, and CVDs. These natural remedies may modulate adipocyte-endothelial crosstalk and inflammation by modulating important signalling pathways such as AMPK, AKT, PPAR, and NF-κB..
This review provides a complete summary of existing knowledge, opening the way for future research and prospective therapeutic applications of Zingiberaceae spices in cardiovascular health management.
尽管脂肪组织控制新陈代谢并保护重要器官，但2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的增加凸显了其对整体健康的重要性。脂肪细胞产生的脂肪因子是新陈代谢、葡萄糖稳态和炎症反应的重要调节因子。它还对血管内皮细胞具有保护作用，因为其对心血管具有潜在的保护意义。了解其在脂肪组织与内皮细胞通讯中的复杂作用对于开发针对性治疗方法以治疗与肥胖和代谢失调相关的心血管疾病至关重要。姜科植物的香料，如小豆蔻、姜黄和生姜，具有抗炎和抗氧化特性，有助于减少氧化应激、血管功能障碍以及脂肪细胞与内皮细胞的相互作用，而这些都与心血管疾病的病因有关。关于它们如何调节脂肪因子信号传导、炎症途径以及活性氧诱导的脂肪细胞与血管相互作用的全面分子见解仍未得到探索，需要进一步的转化研究和临床验证。本研究重点关注肥胖和代谢失调患者，旨在通过整合先前的研究阐明姜科植物香料作为一个整体/生物活性成分可能提供心血管疾病保护的机制。
目前的研究继续支持使用姜科植物的香料，如生姜、姜黄、小豆蔻和胡椒，作为解决肥胖、II型糖尿病和心血管疾病等代谢并发症的潜在治疗药物。这些天然药物可能通过调节重要的信号通路，如AMPK、AKT、PPAR和NF-κB，来调节脂肪细胞与内皮细胞的相互作用和炎症。
本综述全面总结了现有知识，为姜科香料在心血管健康管理中的未来研究和潜在治疗应用开辟了道路。
