Sharma Ramandeep Kumar, Singh Gurbir, Jakhar Amrinder, Dhillon Jagmandeep, Anapalli Saseendran S, Nelson Kelly A, Kaur Gurpreet
Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, USA; Northern Missouri Research, Extension, And Education Center, University of Missouri, Novelty, MO, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jun;386:125660. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125660. Epub 2025 May 13.
Intensive tillage and unsustainable agricultural practices adversely impact soil health and the long-term sustainability of crop production in humid subtropics. Biochar, a soil amendment, can be used to improve soil properties and agricultural productivity. A field experiment evaluated the impact of biochar application rates (B) (0, 10, 20, and 40 Mg ha) on soil properties and soil solution chemistry under rainfed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production systems in the Lower Mississippi Delta from 2020 to 2022. An application of 40 Mg ha of biochar significantly reduced bulk density and increased water content in 0-15 cm compared to other rates and depths. Biochar increased aggregate stability compared to the control in the topsoil layer for aggregate fractions of size 0.5-1 mm and 1-2 mm in 2021. Biochar application at 20 and 40 Mg ha reduced NO-N concentration in soil by 63 % and 53 %, respectively, compared to the control at a 0-15 cm depth in 2021. Biochar applications reduced soil solution NO-N losses 49 %-87 % and 42 %-102 % during the fallow period compared to the control at a 46 and 81 cm depth, respectively. Biochar also reduced the soil solution PO-P concentration 14 %-39 % compared to the control in the fallow period. Biochar improved soil properties while reducing nutrient losses in the soil solution and has the potential to be an alternative soil amendment strategy for sustainable cotton production.
集约耕作和不可持续的农业实践对湿润亚热带地区的土壤健康和作物生产的长期可持续性产生不利影响。生物炭作为一种土壤改良剂，可用于改善土壤性质和农业生产力。一项田间试验评估了生物炭施用量（B）（0、10、20和40 Mg/ha）对2020年至2022年密西西比河下游三角洲雨养棉花（陆地棉）生产系统下土壤性质和土壤溶液化学性质的影响。与其他施用量和深度相比，施用40 Mg/ha的生物炭显著降低了0-15 cm土层的容重并增加了土壤含水量。2021年，与对照相比，生物炭增加了表土层中粒径为0.5-1 mm和1-2 mm团聚体的稳定性。2021年，在0-15 cm深度处，施用20和40 Mg/ha生物炭的土壤中NO-N浓度分别比对照降低了63%和53%。与对照相比，在休耕期，生物炭施用分别在46 cm和81 cm深度处减少了49%-87%和42%-102%的土壤溶液NO-N损失。在休耕期，与对照相比，生物炭还使土壤溶液中PO-P浓度降低了14%-39%。生物炭改善了土壤性质，同时减少了土壤溶液中的养分流失，有可能成为可持续棉花生产的替代土壤改良策略。
