Bas Aybike, Sheikholaemeh Nilay Ozturk, Sengul Fatih, Sarac Fatma, Derelioglu Sera Simsek, Celikel Peris
Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 May 14;25(1):716. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06118-8.
The polymerization extent of resin cement used for bonding indirect restorations is contingent upon the light transmittance of the indirect restoration materials and the light intensity of the employed light device. The temperature increase during the polymerization of these resin cements via light is a critical factor in preserving pulp health. The present study aimed to assess the optical properties of different thicknesses of indirect restorative materials such as feldspathic ceramics [Vitablocs Mark II, (VBM)], indirect composites [Gradia, (GRA)] and 3D printing resins [VarseoSmile Crown Plus, (VSC)] and the temperature rise on the undersurface of the materials during LED light application.
The irradiance loss, absorbance, and absorbance coefficient values of three indirect restorative materials (VBM, GRA, and VSC) with four different thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mm) were analyzed. A Valo Cordless (Ultradent, USA) LED light device was used as the light source. Light transmittance was measured using a radiometer, and the averages were recorded. The temperature variation (Δt) was recorded using a K-type thermocouple during light application. Data were statistically analyzed at a significance level of 0.05.
It was revealed that irradiance loss and absorption values increased, and absorption coefficient values decreased with the increase in thickness in the material groups. The irradiance loss values for VBM and GRA were comparable across all thicknesses. The irradiance loss value for the VSC group was comparable to that of the GRA group and distinct from the VBM group across all thicknesses, except at 0.5 mm (p < 0.05). The assessment of thickness and material groups regarding temperature increase revealed that temperature differential values diminished with more thickness, although no significant difference was seen between the groups (p > 0.05).
The absorbance and irradiance loss values of indirect restorative materials escalated with greater thickness, particularly in the VSC group. The efficacy of light-polymerized resin cements may be negatively impacted; therefore, it is advisable to prolong the curing duration for thicker materials. Moreover, as the thickness grows, the thermal exposure of the materials diminishes, resulting in a reduced danger to pulp health.
用于粘结间接修复体的树脂水门汀的聚合程度取决于间接修复材料的透光率和所使用光设备的光强度。这些树脂水门汀通过光照聚合过程中的温度升高是保护牙髓健康的关键因素。本研究旨在评估不同厚度的间接修复材料（如长石质陶瓷[维他灵Mark II，（VBM）]、间接复合树脂[Gradia，（GRA）]和3D打印树脂[VarseoSmile Crown Plus，（VSC）]）的光学特性以及在LED光照下材料下表面的温度升高情况。
分析了三种间接修复材料（VBM、GRA和VSC）在四种不同厚度（0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0毫米）下的辐照度损失、吸光度和吸光系数值。使用Valo Cordless（美国Ultradent公司）LED光设备作为光源。使用辐射计测量透光率，并记录平均值。在光照过程中使用K型热电偶记录温度变化（Δt）。数据在显著性水平为0.05时进行统计学分析。
结果显示，材料组中辐照度损失和吸光度值随厚度增加而增加，吸光系数值随厚度增加而降低。VBM和GRA在所有厚度下的辐照度损失值相当。VSC组的辐照度损失值在除0.5毫米外的所有厚度下均与GRA组相当，且与VBM组不同（p < 0.05）。关于温度升高的厚度和材料组评估显示，温差值随厚度增加而减小，尽管各组之间未观察到显著差异（p > 0.05）。
间接修复材料的吸光度和辐照度损失值随厚度增加而升高，尤其是在VSC组。光固化树脂水门汀的效果可能受到负面影响；因此，对于较厚的材料，建议延长固化时间。此外，随着厚度增加，材料的热暴露减少，对牙髓健康的危害降低。
