Bisht Manohar S, Mahajan Shruti, Chakraborty Abhisek, Sharma Vineet K
MetaBioSys Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal - 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India.
DNA Res. 2025 May 28;32(3). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsaf007.
Annona squamosa, also known as custard apple, is an emerging fruit crop with medicinal significance. We constructed a high-quality genome of A. squamosa along with transcriptome data to gain insights into its phylogeny, evolution, and demographic history. The genome has a size of 730.4 Mb with an N50 value of 93.2 Mb assembled into seven pseudochromosomes. The demographic history showed a continuous decline in the effective population size of A. squamosa. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that magnoliids were sister to eudicots. Genome syntenic and Ks distribution analyses confirmed the absence of a recent whole-genome duplication event in the A. squamosa. Gene families related to photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and plant thermogenesis were found to be highly expanded in the genome. Comparative analysis with other magnoliids revealed the adaptive evolution in the genes of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, amino sugar, nucleotide sugar and sucrose metabolism, conferring medicinal value, and enhanced hexose sugar accumulation. In addition, we performed genome-wide identification of SWEET genes. Our high-quality genome and evolutionary insights of this emerging fruit crop, thus, serve as a valuable resource for advancing studies in functional genomics, evolutionary biology, and crop improvement.
番荔枝，又称释迦果，是一种具有药用价值的新兴水果作物。我们构建了番荔枝的高质量基因组以及转录组数据，以深入了解其系统发育、进化和种群历史。该基因组大小为730.4兆字节，N50值为93.2兆字节，组装成七条假染色体。种群历史显示番荔枝的有效种群大小持续下降。系统发育分析表明，木兰类植物是真双子叶植物的姐妹类群。基因组共线性和Ks分布分析证实番荔枝近期没有发生全基因组复制事件。发现与光合作用、氧化磷酸化和植物生热相关的基因家族在基因组中高度扩张。与其他木兰类植物的比较分析揭示了黄酮类生物合成途径、氨基糖、核苷酸糖和蔗糖代谢基因的适应性进化，赋予其药用价值，并增强了己糖积累。此外，我们还对SWEET基因进行了全基因组鉴定。因此，我们对这种新兴水果作物的高质量基因组和进化见解，为推进功能基因组学、进化生物学和作物改良研究提供了宝贵资源。
