Herein, we present a rare and complex clinical case of a patient with urinary tract infection leading to ground sepsis, severe diabetic ketoacidosis, and severe rhabdomyolysis. The patient was admitted to the hospital with fever, abnormal mental behavior, disturbances in the internal environment, and acute kidney injury and was thoroughly evaluated by physicians to determine the underlying causes of severe rhabdomyolysis, including infection and metabolic disturbances. After treatment with rehydration resuscitation, anti-infective agents, and hemoadsorption combined with continuous venovenous hemodialyfiltration, the patient's condition improved, renal function was restored, and hemodialysis treatment was discontinued.