Maghrabi Walaa H, Badr Hanan, Alkhyat Alhanouf, Schlaeger Judith M, Cynthia Fritschi
College of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
J Integr Complement Med. 2025 May 15. doi: 10.1089/jicm.2024.0841.
The use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) has grown rapidly worldwide. The aim of this umbrella review is to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence on factors associated with TCIM use to identify the most influential factor driving the use of TCIM. This review was guided by the following research question: What is the most influential factor driving TCIM use? This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. International literature was systematically searched using PubMed, Embase, and manual searching of reference lists. The search was limited to peer-reviewed systematic literature reviews published between January 2005 to March 2024, in Arabic and English languages, and reported empirical research findings on factors associated with TCIM use. A total of 62 review articles were included. The following five prominent factors were identified and critically analyzed: Socioeconomic status; dissatisfaction with conventional medicine; internal locus of control; being holistic, natural, and safe; and perceived usefulness. Of these, perceived usefulness, defined as the perceived benefits of a TCIM modality in meeting specific health needs or goals, was the most influential factor driving TCIM use. The findings of this umbrella review revealed that individuals would not use a specific type of TCIM unless they perceived some benefit from its use, even if the benefit lacked supporting scientific evidence. This insight provides a foundation for researchers, health practitioners, and policymakers to advance TCIM research, clinical practice, and policy by targeting its perceived benefits. Focusing on perceived benefits can help researchers prioritize areas that are most valued by patients, leading to more impactful studies and evidence-based recommendations for practice. Understanding perceived benefits can also lead to more informed discussions between patients and health practitioners, creating a more collaborative and culturally sensitive health care environment. Furthermore, addressing perceived benefits can guide regulations to ensure the safe, effective, and ethical use of TCIM practices, leading to more effective integration of TCIM into conventional medicine as the evidence of its usefulness accumulates.
传统医学、补充医学和整合医学（TCIM）在全球范围内的使用迅速增长。本综合性综述的目的是全面综合现有证据，探讨与TCIM使用相关的因素，以确定推动TCIM使用的最具影响力因素。本综述以以下研究问题为导向：推动TCIM使用的最具影响力因素是什么？本综述按照PRISMA指南进行。通过PubMed、Embase系统检索国际文献，并手动检索参考文献列表。检索限于2005年1月至2024年3月发表的、以阿拉伯语和英语撰写的同行评审系统文献综述，并报告了与TCIM使用相关因素的实证研究结果。共纳入62篇综述文章。确定并批判性分析了以下五个突出因素：社会经济地位；对传统医学的不满；内控点；整体、天然和安全；以及感知有用性。其中，感知有用性被定义为TCIM模式在满足特定健康需求或目标方面的感知益处，是推动TCIM使用的最具影响力因素。本综合性综述的结果表明，除非个人认为使用某种特定类型的TCIM有一定益处，否则他们不会使用，即使这种益处缺乏科学证据支持。这一见解为研究人员、健康从业者和政策制定者推进TCIM研究、临床实践和政策提供了基础，即针对其感知益处开展工作。关注感知益处有助于研究人员确定患者最看重的领域，从而开展更具影响力的研究并提出基于证据的实践建议。了解感知益处还能促进患者与健康从业者之间更明智的讨论，营造更具协作性和文化敏感性的医疗环境。此外，关注感知益处可指导监管，确保TCIM实践的安全、有效和合乎伦理使用，随着其有用性证据的积累，使TCIM更有效地融入传统医学。
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