DiPiro Nicole D, Murday David, Donnelly Samantha, Krause James S
College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2025 May 13. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2025.04.017.
To compare self-reported opioid and benzodiazepine use to rates of prescriptions dispensed among persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI), to evaluate the extent of potential underreporting.
Cross-sectional self-report assessment (SRA) and retrospective review of prescription monitoring program (PMP) data.
Community dwelling adults in the Southeastern United States.
In total, 345 adults (N=345) (>18y) with chronic (>1y) SCI who were identified through a state population-based SCI registry and who responded to SRA opioid use questions in a parent study.
Not applicable.
Self-reported prescription pain reliever, sedative, and tranquilizer use, and prescriptions dispensed based on PMP data. We compared self-reported past year utilization with records of dispensed prescriptions to assess potential underreporting, defined as reporting "never" using either opioids (pain relievers) or benzodiazepines (sedatives/tranquilizers) in the past year, but having had 2 or more respective prescriptions dispensed in the year before the SRA.
Among the 345 participants who responded to the opioid use questions, we were able to match 252 to the PMP; reasons for not matching include not filling a controlled substance prescription in-state, either because of lack of reportable prescriptions or the prescription was dispensed out of state. Evaluating each prescription medication, rates of underreporting for each drug ranged from 0.4% to 4% for hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol, codeine, buprenorphine, and hydromorphone. There was 100% agreement in the self-reported use and dispensed records for fentanyl, oxymorphone, meperidine, and methadone. The rates of potential underreporting of benzodiazepines were <2%. Overall, of the 252 matched individuals, 11% underreported opioids (2 or more prescriptions dispensed) and 1% underreported benzodiazepines.
The findings suggest considerable agreement between self-reported and dispensed prescription medication use, and only minimal potential underreporting of select opioids and benzodiazepines, confirming the appropriateness of self-report of these prescription medications with people with SCI.
比较慢性脊髓损伤（SCI）患者自我报告的阿片类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物使用情况与处方配药率，以评估潜在漏报的程度。
横断面自我报告评估（SRA）和处方监测项目（PMP）数据的回顾性审查。
美国东南部的社区居住成年人。
通过基于州人口的SCI登记处识别出的345名慢性（>1年）SCI成年人（N = 345）（>18岁），他们在一项母研究中回答了SRA阿片类药物使用问题。
不适用。
自我报告的处方止痛药、镇静剂和 tranquilizer 使用情况，以及基于PMP数据的配药处方。我们比较了自我报告的过去一年使用情况与配药处方记录，以评估潜在漏报，潜在漏报定义为在过去一年中报告“从未”使用阿片类药物（止痛药）或苯二氮䓬类药物（镇静剂/tranquilizer），但在SRA前一年有2张或更多相应的配药处方。
在回答阿片类药物使用问题的345名参与者中，我们能够将252人与PMP匹配；不匹配的原因包括未在本州填写管制物质处方，原因要么是缺乏可报告的处方，要么是处方在本州以外配药。评估每种处方药，氢可酮、羟考酮、曲马多、可待因、丁丙诺啡和氢吗啡酮的每种药物漏报率在0.4%至4%之间。芬太尼、羟吗啡酮、哌替啶和美沙酮在自我报告使用情况和配药记录方面完全一致。苯二氮䓬类药物的潜在漏报率<2%。总体而言，在252名匹配个体中，11%漏报了阿片类药物（配药2张或更多），1%漏报了苯二氮䓬类药物。
研究结果表明自我报告的和配药的处方药使用情况之间有相当大的一致性，并且只有极少部分阿片类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物存在潜在漏报，这证实了向SCI患者自我报告这些处方药的合理性。
