Cooney T P, Thurlbeck W M
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Sep;132(3):596-601. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1985.132.3.596.
Significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in the lungs of 4 of 6 infants with anencephaly and hydranencephaly. In 3 of 4 of them, the findings were explicable on the basis of the presence of associated congenital anomalies, and in the fourth there was polyhydramnios. The infants with normal lungs did not have associated congenital abnormalities. The absence of the pituitary did not correlate with the degree of development of the lungs. Studies of lung growth in anencephaly and hydranencephaly must clearly note the presence of associated anomalies because anencephaly/hydranencephaly per se may not cause pulmonary hypoplasia in the majority of cases. The most satisfactory assessment in evaluation of lung growth and development was obtained by combining morphologic findings with more than one morphometric parameter. Radial count estimation alone was found to be a poor predictor of lung maturity (morphologic age) in hypoplastic lungs. Radial count and fixed lung volume together provide a better assessment of lung growth and development than does the ratio of lung weight to body weight, which is of use only if severely depressed. The terms immaturity and hypoplasia of the lungs are not necessarily synonymous.
在6例无脑儿和积水性无脑儿中，有4例的肺部观察到显著的质和量的差异。其中4例中的3例，这些发现可根据相关先天性异常的存在来解释，而第4例存在羊水过多。肺部正常的婴儿没有相关的先天性异常。垂体缺失与肺部发育程度无关。对无脑儿和积水性无脑儿肺部生长的研究必须清楚地注意相关异常的存在，因为在大多数情况下，无脑儿/积水性无脑儿本身可能不会导致肺发育不全。通过将形态学发现与多个形态测量参数相结合，可获得评估肺部生长和发育的最满意结果。单独的径向计数估计被发现是发育不全肺部肺成熟度（形态学年龄）的不良预测指标。与仅在严重降低时才有用的肺重量与体重之比相比，径向计数和固定肺体积一起能更好地评估肺部生长和发育。肺部的未成熟和发育不全这两个术语不一定是同义词。
