Akbulut Sami, Kucukakcali Zeynep, Ozer Ali, Colak Cemil
Department of Surgery and Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
Xenotransplantation. 2025 May-Jun;32(3):e70048. doi: 10.1111/xen.70048.
This study aimed to assess public perceptions, awareness, and attitudes toward xenotransplantation (XTx) and organ donation in Turkey by examining the influence of demographic, socioeconomic, and religious factors to identify barriers and facilitators to organ donation and XTx acceptance METHODS: This cross-sectional survey was conducted with 10 650 participants, selected through stratified sampling to ensure national representation. Data collection was performed via Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI), with structured questionnaires designed to evaluate participants' perspectives on organ donation, XTx, and religious influences, and comparisons were made based on age groups, geographical region, sectarian affiliation, education level, belief categories, and economic status.
Organ donation rates were low across all demographic groups, with notable differences by geographical region, education level, income, age, and religious beliefs. The highest organ donation rate was in Central Anatolia (0.9%), while Southeastern Anatolia had the lowest (0.0%) (p = 0.014). Higher education (p = 0.001) and income levels (p = 0.01) correlated with greater organ donation support. Younger individuals (18-24 years) were less religiously observant, while older participants (65+) displayed the highest religious adherence (p = 0.022). Acceptance of XTx from halal animals was highest in the Aegean region (43.0%) (p = 0.001) and among participants with lower religious adherence (27.4%) (p = 0.004). Approval for XTx from non-halal animals was significantly lower, particularly among highly religious individuals (23.9%). Awareness of XTx-related studies was lowest among participants aged 65+ (9.4%) (p < 0.001) and highest among Maliki participants (27.3%).
This study highlights the influence of demographic, socioeconomic, and religious factors on public attitudes toward organ donation and XTx in Turkey. These findings offer critical insights for policymakers and healthcare professionals to design culturally adaptive strategies that improve organ donation rates and foster XTx acceptance.
本研究旨在通过考察人口统计学、社会经济和宗教因素的影响，评估土耳其公众对异种移植（XTx）和器官捐赠的认知、意识及态度，以确定器官捐赠和接受XTx的障碍与促进因素。方法：本横断面调查对10650名参与者进行，通过分层抽样选取以确保全国代表性。数据收集通过计算机辅助个人访谈（CAPI）进行，使用结构化问卷评估参与者对器官捐赠、XTx及宗教影响的看法，并根据年龄组、地理区域、教派归属、教育水平、信仰类别和经济状况进行比较。
所有人口统计学群体的器官捐赠率都很低，在地理区域、教育水平、收入、年龄和宗教信仰方面存在显著差异。器官捐赠率最高的是安纳托利亚中部（0.9%），而安纳托利亚东南部最低（0.0%）（p = 0.014）。高等教育（p = 0.001）和收入水平（p = 0.01）与更高的器官捐赠支持率相关。年轻个体（18 - 24岁）宗教遵守程度较低，而年长参与者（65岁以上）宗教信仰程度最高（p = 0.022）。来自清真动物的XTx接受率在爱琴海地区最高（43.0%）（p = 0.001），在宗教遵守程度较低的参与者中（27.4%）（p = 0.004）也是如此。来自非清真动物的XTx批准率显著较低，尤其是在宗教信仰程度高的个体中（23.9%）。65岁以上参与者对XTx相关研究的知晓率最低（9.4%）（p < 0.001），在马立克派参与者中最高（27.3%）。
本研究强调了人口统计学、社会经济和宗教因素对土耳其公众对器官捐赠和XTx态度的影响。这些发现为政策制定者和医疗保健专业人员设计具有文化适应性的策略提供了关键见解，以提高器官捐赠率并促进对XTx的接受。
