Song Xiaoqian, Jin Chenyang, Luan Moxin, Zheng Xueping
The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 May 1;16:1483842. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1483842. eCollection 2025.
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is an intracranial vascular disorder caused by the impairment of cerebral microvessels, with various pathological backgrounds. Currently, a clear and definitive set of diagnostic criteria for CSVD continues to be elusive, and its diagnosis relies primarily on medical history, clinical presentation, brain imaging features, and genetic detection. In clinical practice, no single biomarker was identified. Previous studies have delved into various biomarkers in CSVD and their relationships with cognitive functions, yielding promising candidates. However, drawing a unified and conclusive consensus poses a challenge due to the inherent heterogeneity in research. Therefore, we reviewed the current progression of CSVD biomarkers and their relationship with cognitive functions, mainly including neuroimaging markers and biomarkers related to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as blood to assist clinicians in diagnosis.
脑小血管病（CSVD）是一种由脑微血管损伤引起的颅内血管疾病，具有多种病理背景。目前，一套明确、确切的CSVD诊断标准仍难以确定，其诊断主要依赖于病史、临床表现、脑成像特征和基因检测。在临床实践中，尚未发现单一的生物标志物。先前的研究已深入探讨了CSVD中的各种生物标志物及其与认知功能的关系，产生了有前景的候选物。然而，由于研究中固有的异质性，达成统一且确凿的共识面临挑战。因此，我们综述了CSVD生物标志物的当前进展及其与认知功能的关系，主要包括神经影像标志物以及与脑脊液（CSF）相关的生物标志物，还有血液标志物，以协助临床医生进行诊断。
