Mizuno Satomi, Shimane Takuya, Inoura Satoshi, Kitamura Maki, Matsumoto Toshihiko
Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Tokyo Japan.
Department of Nursing Faculty of Nursing, Niigata Seiryo University Niigata Japan.
PCN Rep. 2025 May 15;4(2):e70112. doi: 10.1002/pcn5.70112. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This study evaluated survival rates and examined characteristics associated with mortality among individuals with drug use disorder (DUD) enrolled in drug addiction rehabilitation facilities in Japan.
This longitudinal cohort study, conducted from October 2016 to October 2021, followed 361 individuals with DUD residing in drug addiction rehabilitation centers nationwide. Participants had a mean age of 41.1 years (standard deviation 9.7) and most were men. About half had not completed high school or had criminal records, including drug offenses. Data were collected through eight follow-up assessments conducted approximately every 6 months. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate 5-year survival rates, and age-specific mortality was evaluated among participants. A Cox proportional hazards model identified characteristics influencing mortality risk, including demographic factors, medical history, and abstinence maintenance. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to assess mortality risk.
The survival rate was 95.4%, with 14 deaths recorded. Mortality was highest among participants aged over 60 years. Age and the presence of bloodborne or sexually transmitted infections were significantly associated with higher mortality, while abstinence was associated with reduced mortality.
This study is the first to examine survival rates and mortality factors among individuals with DUD in drug addiction recovery centers in Japan. Findings suggest that these facilities may help prevent drug relapses and reduce mortality risk, while highlighting aging and infections as key factors linked to mortality.
本研究评估了日本戒毒康复机构中患有药物使用障碍（DUD）的个体的生存率，并研究了与死亡率相关的特征。
这项纵向队列研究于2016年10月至2021年10月进行，跟踪了全国戒毒康复中心的361名患有DUD的个体。参与者的平均年龄为41.1岁（标准差9.7），大多数为男性。约一半人未完成高中学业或有犯罪记录，包括毒品犯罪。通过大约每6个月进行一次的8次随访评估收集数据。采用Kaplan-Meier分析计算5年生存率，并评估参与者的年龄特异性死亡率。Cox比例风险模型确定了影响死亡风险的特征，包括人口统计学因素、病史和禁欲维持情况。计算风险比和95%置信区间以评估死亡风险。
生存率为95.4%，记录到14例死亡。60岁以上参与者的死亡率最高。年龄以及血源或性传播感染的存在与较高的死亡率显著相关，而禁欲与较低的死亡率相关。
本研究首次调查了日本戒毒康复中心中患有DUD的个体的生存率和死亡因素。研究结果表明，这些机构可能有助于预防药物复发并降低死亡风险，同时突出了衰老和感染是与死亡率相关的关键因素。
