Asomugha Adaora Uloma, Pakai Annamaria
Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty M u 4, Pécs, 7621, Hungary, 36 2818544910.
JMIR Form Res. 2025 May 16;9:e60294. doi: 10.2196/60294.
BACKGROUND: In recent times, the telemedicine landscape has changed dramatically; it serves as a bridge, connecting health care providers and patients, especially during challenges such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to explore the Swedish telemedicine landscape in terms of primary patient symptoms for teleconsultation and the patterns of telemedicine use in the periods before COVID-19, during COVID-19, and after COVID-19, including the primary care use dynamics with respect to the teleconsultations done. METHODS: Secondary data was used in this observational retrospective study. The study population consisted of Swedish residents who had online telemedicine consultations. Telemedicine consultations were divided by text and video delivery; the period of analysis ranged from November 2018 to June 2023. The statistical methods used for the data analysis were descriptive analysis, 2-way cross tabulation, and a generalized linear model. RESULTS: During the pandemic, the number of teleconsultations concerning general, unspecified symptoms increased in comparison to the other analyzed symptoms, signaling a change in care-seeking behavior under epidemiological pressure. General health-related issues were the most pronounced symptom across all periods: 186.9 of 1000 consultations before COVID-19, 1264.6 of 1000 consultations during COVID-19, and 319.2 of 1000 consultations after COVID-19. There was no significant main effect of COVID-19 period on the number of telemedicine consultation meetings (F2=1.653; P=.38). The interaction effect between delivery type and period was statistically significant (F2=14.723; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: The findings are in favor of the COVID-19 pandemic having had a considerable effect on telemedicine use. Telemedicine could subsequently be used more often for general health consultations and acute conditions. Video consultations were more prominent because of the importance of bidirectional communication. The study suggests that there was a transformation of patterns of demand for health care; there is a necessity for health care systems to respond to these changes.
背景：近年来，远程医疗格局发生了巨大变化；它充当了一座桥梁，连接着医疗服务提供者和患者，尤其是在近期新冠疫情等挑战期间。 目的：本研究旨在从远程会诊的主要患者症状以及新冠疫情前、疫情期间和疫情后远程医疗的使用模式方面，探索瑞典的远程医疗格局，包括就所进行的远程会诊而言的初级保健使用动态。 方法：本观察性回顾研究使用了二手数据。研究人群包括进行过在线远程医疗会诊的瑞典居民。远程医疗会诊按文本和视频形式划分；分析期为2018年11月至2023年6月。用于数据分析的统计方法包括描述性分析、双向交叉表分析和广义线性模型。 结果：在疫情期间，与其他分析的症状相比，关于一般的、未明确说明的症状的远程会诊数量有所增加，这表明在流行病学压力下就医行为发生了变化。与总体健康相关的问题在所有时期都是最突出的症状：新冠疫情前每1000次会诊中有186.9例，新冠疫情期间每1000次会诊中有1264.6例，新冠疫情后每1000次会诊中有319.2例。新冠疫情时期对远程医疗会诊会议数量没有显著的主要影响（F2 = 1.653；P = 0.38）。交付类型和时期之间的交互作用具有统计学意义（F2 = 14.723；P < 0.001）。 结论：研究结果支持新冠疫情对远程医疗的使用产生了相当大的影响这一观点。随后，远程医疗可更频繁地用于一般健康咨询和急性病症。由于双向沟通的重要性，视频会诊更为突出。该研究表明，医疗保健需求模式发生了转变；医疗保健系统有必要应对这些变化。
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