Loukil Insaf, Ku David, Vachon Annick, Metherel Adam, Plourde Mélanie
Department of Medicine/Geriatrics Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nutrition. 2025 Aug;136:112803. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2025.112803. Epub 2025 Apr 12.
To investigated whether post supplementation, C-DHA is less incorporated into plasma phospholipids (PL) and triglycerides (TG) compared to pre-supplementation considering that these are the two most prominent delivery pools of DHA to tissues.
Plasma samples from twenty healthy men and women, matched for age and body mass index, were analyzed. Participants received a single oral dose of 40 mg C-DHA in 2 kinetic studies: 1 prior to and 1 during the last month of supplementation with 3.2 g/day of ω3 PUFA. C enrichment analyses were performed on plasma samples at baseline, 4, 6, 24 hours, 7 days, and 28 days post-tracer intake. Lipids were extracted, and PL and TG were separated by solid-phase extraction. Quantification of carbon-13 eicosapentaenoic acid (C-EPA) and C-DHA was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
The area under the curve (AUC) for C-DHA in PL and TG did not show statistically significant differences before and during supplementation. However, the AUC for C-EPA in PL and TG increased by 45% and 48% with supplementation, respectively. This finding was unexpected, as our previous analysis indicated a 60% reduction in plasma C-DHA levels during supplementation, accompanied by increased β-oxidation. Additionally, there were statistically significant time × gender interactions for C-EPA and C-DHA in plasma PL (P < 0.0001), with women exhibiting 90% and 139% higher levels of C-EPA and C-DHA over time, respectively. No time × gender interactions were observed for C-EPA and C-DHA in plasma TG, although independent time and gender effects were present. Furthermore, there was a time × body mass index interaction for C-EPA in PL only.
This secondary analysis suggests that after supplementation with ω3 PUFA, DHA metabolism is stable while EPA metabolism may be slowed due to factors such as DHA inhibition of EPA elongation and/or reduced plasma clearance, which may indicate the tissues needs for DHA are being met.
鉴于血浆磷脂（PL）和甘油三酯（TG）是DHA输送至组织的两个最主要途径，本研究旨在探讨补充C-DHA后，与补充前相比，其在血浆PL和TG中的掺入量是否减少。
对20名年龄和体重指数匹配的健康男性和女性的血浆样本进行分析。在两项动力学研究中，参与者单次口服40 mg C-DHA：一次在补充3.2 g/天ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω3 PUFA）前，另一次在补充的最后一个月期间。在示踪剂摄入后的基线、4小时、6小时、24小时、7天和28天对血浆样本进行碳富集分析。提取脂质，通过固相萃取分离PL和TG。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对碳-13二十碳五烯酸（C-EPA）和C-DHA进行定量分析。
补充前和补充期间，PL和TG中C-DHA的曲线下面积（AUC）无统计学显著差异。然而，补充后PL和TG中C-EPA的AUC分别增加了45%和48%。这一发现出乎意料，因为我们之前的分析表明补充期间血浆C-DHA水平降低了60%，同时β-氧化增加。此外，血浆PL中C-EPA和C-DHA存在统计学显著的时间×性别交互作用（P < 0.0001），随着时间推移，女性的C-EPA和C-DHA水平分别高出90%和139%。血浆TG中C-EPA和C-DHA未观察到时间×性别交互作用，尽管存在独立的时间和性别效应。此外，仅在PL中C-EPA存在时间×体重指数交互作用。
这项二次分析表明，补充ω3 PUFA后，DHA代谢稳定，而EPA代谢可能因DHA抑制EPA延长和/或血浆清除率降低等因素而减慢，这可能表明组织对DHA的需求得到了满足。
