Malik Shuja Bashir, Annanouch Fatima Ezahra, Bittencourt Carla, Llobet Eduard
School of Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, MINOS, Avda. Països Catalans 26, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
IU-RESCAT, Research Institute in Sustainability, Climatic Change and Energy Transition, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Joanot Martorell 15, Vila-seca 43480, Spain.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 May 28;17(21):31592-31603. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c03302. Epub 2025 May 16.
This work presents a facile approach for fabricating hybrid heterostructures of tungsten disulfide (WS), synthesized via atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) and commercial graphene. A simple airbrushing technique, with nitrogen (N) as the carrier gas, was employed to fabricate the sensors. The morphological and structural characterizations of the hybrid material revealed a sheet-like synthesis of edge-enriched 2D WS decorated with multilayer graphene nanomaterial. The gas-sensing properties of the pristine and hybrid materials were evaluated for nitrogen dioxide (NO) at various operating temperatures. The hybrid sensor with a WS to graphene ratio of 3:1 demonstrated exceptional sensitivity to ultralow NO concentrations (10 ppb) at a remarkably low operating temperature of 100 °C, outperforming both the graphene and WS counterparts. Additionally, the sensor's responses to CO, H, CH, and NH were examined to assess its selectivity. The sensor was tested under different relative humidity conditions (RH at 25 °C; 25%, 50%, and 75%). The sensor response nearly doubled at RH = 50%, highlighting its potential for practical applications in selective NO detection. The sensor responses eventually reached saturation at 75% RH. In addition, the manuscript provides a detailed discussion of the NO gas sensing mechanism.
这项工作提出了一种简便的方法来制备二硫化钨（WS）与商用石墨烯的混合异质结构，其中WS通过大气压化学气相沉积（APCVD）合成。采用一种简单的气刷技术，以氮气（N）作为载气来制备传感器。对该混合材料的形态和结构表征显示，合成出了一种边缘富集的二维WS片状结构，并装饰有多层石墨烯纳米材料。在不同的工作温度下，对原始材料和混合材料对二氧化氮（NO₂）的气敏特性进行了评估。WS与石墨烯比例为3:1的混合传感器在100℃的极低工作温度下，对超低浓度的NO₂（10 ppb）表现出卓越的灵敏度，优于石墨烯和WS对应的传感器。此外，还检测了该传感器对CO、H₂、CH₄和NH₃的响应，以评估其选择性。在不同的相对湿度条件下（25℃时的相对湿度分别为25%、50%和75%）对该传感器进行了测试。在相对湿度为50%时，传感器响应几乎翻倍，突出了其在选择性NO₂检测中的实际应用潜力。在相对湿度为75%时，传感器响应最终达到饱和。此外，该论文还对NO₂气敏机理进行了详细讨论。
