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富含烘焙和未烘焙发芽大麦粉的米基酸奶替代品的开发、优化及综合表征

Development, optimization and integrated characterization of rice-based yogurt alternatives enriched with roasted and non-roasted sprouted barley flour.

作者信息

Caponio Mario, Verni Michela, Tlais Ali Zein Alabiden, Longo Edoardo, Pontonio Erica, Di Cagno Raffaella, Rizzello Carlo Giuseppe

机构信息

Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70125, Bari, Italy.

Department of Environmental Biology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Curr Res Food Sci. 2025 Apr 24;10:101059. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2025.101059. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Plant-based yogurt substitutes ("gurts"), whose market growth is steadily increasing, have emerged as a promising option to promote more sustainable diets and food systems, especially when produced with locally sourced or low-input crops like barley. In this study, a novel gurt made with rice (10 %) and sprouted barley (5 %), was designed. Four lactic acid bacteria strains, AM7, DSM20193, 18S9 and H64, were used as starters for making prototypes. Although with some differences in their acidification kinetics and proteolysis, all the strains adapted to the matrix. Then the formulation and production process were optimized. The use of sprouted barley, compared to raw flours, provided a content of amino acids 9-fold higher, further increased (up to 35 %) by the fermentation, and a more complex aroma profile characterized by the presence of furans and aldehydes. However, the high amylolytic activity in sprouted barley interfered with starch gelatinization decreasing the viscosity of the products from 3.3 to 0.08 Pa∗s. To overcome this challenge and obtain a creamy and spoonable product, sprouted barley flour was roasted, deactivating the enzymes and conferring a nutty and toasted flavor to the gurts due to the presence of pyrazines. The stability of the key biochemical and microbiological parameters during refrigerated storage was also assessed. Hence, plant-based gurts made with sprouted barley, emerge as a sustainable and health-promoting substitute to traditional dairy yogurts.

摘要

植物基酸奶替代品(“gurts”)的市场增长稳步上升,已成为促进更可持续饮食和食品系统的一个有前景的选择,特别是当用大麦等本地采购或低投入作物生产时。在本研究中,设计了一种由大米(10%)和发芽大麦(5%)制成的新型gurt。使用了四株乳酸菌菌株AM7、DSM20193、18S9和H64作为制作原型的发酵剂。尽管它们的酸化动力学和蛋白水解存在一些差异,但所有菌株都适应了基质。然后对配方和生产工艺进行了优化。与未发芽的面粉相比,使用发芽大麦提供的氨基酸含量高出9倍,通过发酵进一步增加(高达35%),并且具有以呋喃和醛类物质为特征的更复杂的香气特征。然而,发芽大麦中的高淀粉酶活性干扰了淀粉糊化,使产品的粘度从3.3降至0.08Pa·s。为了克服这一挑战并获得一种奶油状且易于舀取的产品,对发芽大麦粉进行了烘焙,使酶失活,并由于吡嗪的存在赋予gurt一种坚果味和烤香味。还评估了冷藏储存期间关键生化和微生物参数的稳定性。因此,用发芽大麦制成的植物基gurt成为传统乳制酸奶的一种可持续且有益健康的替代品。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ecde/12088763/2dc96cdcb2d4/ga1.jpg

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