Zhang Zheng, Fan Ya-Nan, Jiang Si-Qi, Ma Ya-Jing, Yu Yao-Ru, Qing Yu-Xin, Li Qian-Ru, Liu Yi-Lin, Shen Song, Wang Jun
School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 511442, P. R. China.
National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug;12(29):e17571. doi: 10.1002/advs.202417571. Epub 2025 May 20.
mRNA therapy is a promising approach in oncology, offering innovative applications such as tumor vaccines, protein replacement therapy, cell therapy, and gene therapy. However, challenges such as mRNA stability and delivery efficiency must be addressed. Advances in delivery system technologies are crucial for precise mRNA delivery, enhancing treatment safety and efficacy. The development of delivery systems requires accurate organ or cell targeting, intelligent release mechanisms, and optimized administration routes. This review outlines the applications of mRNA therapy in oncology, as well as the utilization of nonviral vectors, encompassing organic, inorganic, and biomimetic systems. It further elucidates the strategies for passive and active vector targeting and examines recent advances in the realm of stimuli-responsive delivery systems that are sensitive to pH and ultrasound. Additionally, the review addresses the development of noninvasive mRNA delivery systems designed for oral and pulmonary administration. The current challenges and emerging trends of mRNA therapy are discussed, and the potential strategies to mitigate these issues are emphasized.
mRNA疗法是肿瘤学中一种很有前景的方法，提供了诸如肿瘤疫苗、蛋白质替代疗法、细胞疗法和基因疗法等创新应用。然而，必须解决诸如mRNA稳定性和递送效率等挑战。递送系统技术的进步对于精确的mRNA递送、提高治疗安全性和有效性至关重要。递送系统的开发需要精确的器官或细胞靶向、智能释放机制以及优化的给药途径。本综述概述了mRNA疗法在肿瘤学中的应用，以及非病毒载体的利用，包括有机、无机和仿生系统。它进一步阐明了被动和主动载体靶向的策略，并研究了对pH和超声敏感的刺激响应递送系统领域的最新进展。此外，该综述还涉及为口服和肺部给药设计的非侵入性mRNA递送系统的开发。讨论了mRNA疗法当前面临的挑战和新趋势，并强调了缓解这些问题的潜在策略。
