Zhang Yinci, Zhang Ying, Que Haosheng, Lu Chao, Zhou Shuping
The First Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China.
Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
Toxicol Mech Methods. 2025 May 20:1-18. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2025.2505629.
Increased exposure to nanoscale particles (NPs) in living and occupational environments has produced various harmful effects in recent years. Owing to their small particle size and physicochemical properties, NPs can evade engineered defenses, exhibit greater toxicity, and affect the physiological functions of multiple organs in the human body through the circulatory system and biological barriers. Therefore, we should pay attention to the multi-organ toxicity effects caused by NPs and their mechanisms. High-level occupational exposure to NPs at elevated concentrations constitutes a substantial threat to the health of workers. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a targeted assessment of the health risks of NPs in the occupational environment. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the sources of NPs in both living and occupational environments. Specifically, it highlights the disparities in the characteristics and associated toxicities between nanoscale and microscale inhalable particulate matter within the occupational context. Moreover, it delves deeply into the contributions of NPs to multi-organ toxicity effects and the underlying pathological mechanisms.
近年来，在生活和职业环境中人们接触纳米级颗粒（NPs）的机会增多，这已产生了各种有害影响。由于NPs粒径小且具有物理化学特性，它们能够避开机体防御机制，表现出更强的毒性，并通过循环系统和生物屏障影响人体多个器官的生理功能。因此，我们应关注NPs引起的多器官毒性效应及其机制。在高浓度下的高水平职业接触NPs对工人健康构成重大威胁。因此，有必要对职业环境中NPs的健康风险进行针对性评估。本文全面综述了生活和职业环境中NPs的来源。具体而言，它突出了职业环境中纳米级和微米级可吸入颗粒物在特性和相关毒性方面的差异。此外，它深入探讨了NPs对多器官毒性效应的影响及其潜在的病理机制。
