Magnetic resonance imaging of postmortem human brain specimens: methodological considerations and prospects in psychoradiology.

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized psychoradiological research by enabling detailed structural and pathological assessments of the brain in conditions ranging from psychiatric disorders to neurodegenerative diseases. By providing high-resolution images of postmortem brain tissue, MRI overcomes several limitations inherent in imaging, offering unparalleled insights into the underlying pathophysiology of mental disorders. This review critically summarizes the state-of-the-art MRI methodologies for neuroanatomical mapping and pathological characterization in psychoradiology, while also establishing standardized specimen processing protocols. Furthermore, we explore the prospects of application in MRI in schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, highlighting its role in understanding neuroanatomical alterations, disease progression, and the validation of neuroimaging biomarkers.