Nuraeni Aan, Sugiharto Firman, Anna Anastasia, Mirwanti Ristina, Trisyani Yanny, Emaliyawati Etika, Lingga Indah Pratiwi
Department of Critical Care and Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2025 May 16;19:1475-1485. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S510692. eCollection 2025.
The prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in Indonesia continues to rise, necessitating practical management approaches. Self-efficacy (SE) is critical in supporting CAD patients' autonomy in managing their condition. Patients' perceptions of their disease significantly influence decision-making and health management behaviours.
This study aimed to identify the influence of perceptions on self-efficacy in managing CAD among diagnosed patients.
A cross-sectional study design was employed among 102 adult patients with CAD. The sample was selected using convenience sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Health Belief Related to Cardiovascular Disease (HBCVD) Scale to assess perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers; the Health Belief Model instrument to evaluate cues to action; and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Coronary Heart Disease Management to measure self-efficacy (SE). The scale has been validated and demonstrated strong psychometric properties (validity ≥ 0.7, reliability ≥ 0.8). The Rasch model approach was employed in this study, with data analysis conducted using Pearson correlation and simple linear regression.
A total of 91.2% of respondents exhibited high levels of SE. The mean logit scores for CAD management-related perceptions were as follows: perceived severity (0.494 ± 1.28), perceived susceptibility (-0.961 ± 3.06), perceived barriers (0.261 ± 1.00), perceived benefits (3.68 ± 2.25), cues to action (0.968 ± 1.17), and perception (0.544 ± 0.668). The analysis revealed a significant relationship between perceptions and SE (<0.001). Perceived severity and perceived barriers emerged as the most influential predictors of SE, with an adjusted = 0.899 and a standardized estimate of 0.949 (95% CI = 0.886-1.01; <0.001).
Perceived severity and perceived barriers significantly influence self-efficacy in CAD patients. These findings provide a foundation for healthcare professionals to design perception-based interventions, such as health education and personalized counselling, to enhance SE within this population.
印度尼西亚冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的患病率持续上升，因此需要切实可行的管理方法。自我效能感（SE）对于支持CAD患者自主管理病情至关重要。患者对自身疾病的认知会显著影响其决策和健康管理行为。
本研究旨在确定认知对已确诊的CAD患者自我管理效能感的影响。
对102例成年CAD患者采用横断面研究设计。根据预先定义的纳入和排除标准，采用便利抽样法选取样本。使用心血管疾病相关健康信念（HBCVD）量表收集数据，以评估感知易感性、严重性、益处和障碍；使用健康信念模型工具评估行动线索；使用冠心病管理自我效能量表测量自我效能感（SE）。该量表已经过验证，并显示出很强的心理测量特性（效度≥0.7，信度≥0.8）。本研究采用拉施模型方法，使用皮尔逊相关性和简单线性回归进行数据分析。
共有91.2%的受访者表现出较高水平的自我效能感。与CAD管理相关的认知的平均对数得分如下：感知严重性（0.494±1.28）、感知易感性（-0.961±3.06）、感知障碍（0.261±1.00）、感知益处（3.68±2.25）、行动线索（0.968±1.17）和认知（0.544±0.668）。分析显示认知与自我效能感之间存在显著关系（<0.001）。感知严重性和感知障碍成为自我效能感最具影响力的预测因素，调整后的 = 0.899，标准化估计值为0.949（95%置信区间 = 0.886 - 1.01；<0.001）。
感知严重性和感知障碍显著影响CAD患者的自我效能感。这些发现为医护人员设计基于认知的干预措施（如健康教育和个性化咨询）以提高该人群的自我效能感提供了基础。
