Qiao Lei, Zhou Zhihong, Wang Mingkun, He Zhiwei
Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Langmuir. 2025 Jun 3;41(21):13233-13248. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5c00913. Epub 2025 May 21.
Frequent oil spills and the discharge of oily wastewaters have caused a serious threat to the environment, ecological systems, and the health of human beings. Herein, a durable photothermal and superhydrophobic melamine sponge has been prepared by decorating lignin microspheres (LMs) and TiO nanoparticles via the self-polymerization of dopamine. The superhydrophobic sponge shows excellent chemical stability, thermal stability, mechanical durability, and recyclability. The adsorption capacities of the superhydrophobic sponge for oils and organic solvents range from 22.4 to 84.2 g/g, showing high separation efficiencies larger than 98.6% after 15 cyclic tests. Due to the photothermal effect, the maximum surface temperature of the superhydrophobic sponge reaches 65.2 °C under solar irradiation (1 sun), and the superhydrophobic sponge successfully achieves the ice-free property at a low temperature of -17.8 °C under solar irradiation (0.5 sun). Besides, the LMs@TiO composite coating can be employed on several substrates (i.e., filter paper, carbon cloth, steel mesh, Al sheet, Cu sheet, and NdFeB) to realize surface superhydrophobicity, and exhibits excellent anticorrosion for the coated NdFeB. Therefore, this study proposes a low-cost and multifunctional superhydrophobic MS, opening a new avenue to the rational design of superhydrophobic MS for applications in oil/water separation, anti-icing, and anticorrosion.
频繁的石油泄漏和含油废水排放对环境、生态系统以及人类健康造成了严重威胁。在此，通过多巴胺的自聚合作用修饰木质素微球（LMs）和TiO纳米颗粒，制备了一种耐用的光热超疏水三聚氰胺海绵。该超疏水海绵具有优异的化学稳定性、热稳定性、机械耐久性和可回收性。超疏水海绵对油类和有机溶剂的吸附容量在22.4至84.2 g/g之间，经过15次循环测试后分离效率高于98.6%。由于光热效应，超疏水海绵在太阳辐射（1个太阳）下表面最高温度可达65.2℃，在太阳辐射（0.5个太阳）下于-17.8℃的低温环境中成功实现了不结冰性能。此外，LMs@TiO复合涂层可应用于多种基材（如滤纸、碳布、钢网、铝板、铜板和钕铁硼）以实现表面超疏水性能，并且对涂覆的钕铁硼表现出优异的防腐性能。因此，本研究提出了一种低成本多功能超疏水三聚氰胺海绵，为合理设计用于油/水分离、防冰和防腐应用的超疏水三聚氰胺海绵开辟了一条新途径。
