Rajabi Elham, Tehrani Fahimeh Ramezani, Farrokhi Mehrdad, Norouzi Mehdi, Khankeh Hamid Reza
Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, Social Health Research Institute, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2025 Apr 30;14:152. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1419_23. eCollection 2025.
Reproductive health (RH) is a critical human right that requires safeguarding in all contexts, including during disaster situations. Nevertheless, RH services frequently face neglect in disasters. In view of the issue's importance and the notable gap in scientific documentation, this research was conducted to examine the underlying factors that lead to the neglect of RH in post-disaster settings in Iran.
A qualitative study was conducted using the method of content analysis, by performing in-depth semi-structured interviews in 2021-2022. Interviews were continued until the point of data saturation. The selection of participants involved a purposive sampling approach, drawing from various stakeholders, including recipients and providers of RH services, key health system and risk management officials, faculty members, relief personnel, and non-governmental organization members. The study's setting encompassed the health system, disaster risk management organization, and the Kermanshah earthquake-affected areas. To ensure the reliability and robustness of the data, Lincoln and Goba criteria were used, and Granheim and Lundman methods were further utilized for their analysis.
Data saturation was achieved after conducting 23 interviews. The findings of this study identified several key factors contributing to the neglect of RH in post-disaster scenarios: 1) RH: A neglected priority, irrespective of critical conditions; 2) the decline of RH in the shadow of multiple needs; and 3) lack of attention to the differences in women's needs.
The health system should prioritize RH in both normal and disaster situations. This requires promoting awareness among the general population and experts. It is recommended to develop comprehensive education programs, covering topics related to RH. Advocacy for RSH rights is recommended. Post-disaster needs and access to RH services should be prioritized in planning and resource allocation. Education on gender differences and vulnerabilities is important for officials and responders involved in risk management and post-disaster efforts.
生殖健康是一项关键的人权，在包括灾难情况在内的所有情况下都需要得到保障。然而，生殖健康服务在灾难期间经常被忽视。鉴于该问题的重要性以及科学文献方面的显著差距，开展了本研究以探讨导致伊朗灾后环境中生殖健康被忽视的潜在因素。
采用内容分析法进行定性研究，于2021年至2022年进行深入的半结构化访谈。访谈持续进行直至数据饱和。参与者的选择采用了目的抽样法，选取了包括生殖健康服务接受者和提供者、关键卫生系统和风险管理官员、教职员工、救援人员以及非政府组织成员在内的各类利益相关者。研究范围涵盖卫生系统、灾害风险管理组织以及克尔曼沙赫地震受灾地区。为确保数据的可靠性和稳健性，采用了林肯和戈巴标准，并进一步运用格兰海姆和伦德曼方法进行分析。
在进行了23次访谈后实现了数据饱和。本研究结果确定了导致灾后情况下生殖健康被忽视的几个关键因素：1）生殖健康：一个被忽视的优先事项，无论情况多么危急；2）在多种需求的影响下生殖健康的下降；3）对女性需求差异缺乏关注。
卫生系统应在正常和灾难情况下都将生殖健康作为优先事项。这需要提高普通民众和专家的认识。建议制定涵盖与生殖健康相关主题的综合教育计划。建议倡导生殖健康权利。在规划和资源分配中应优先考虑灾后需求和获得生殖健康服务的机会。对参与风险管理和灾后工作的官员及应急人员进行关于性别差异和脆弱性的教育很重要。
