Erdiren Nurefşan, Kula Atik Tuğba
1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
2Ali Osman Sönmez Oncology Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2025 May 22;72(2):139-144. doi: 10.1556/030.2025.02582. Print 2025 Jun 20.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause infections especially in hospital settings and in immunocompromised individuals. Due to its resistance to many broad-spectrum antibiotics, treatment options that can be used in clinical practice are limited. This study aims to evaluate the susceptibility profiles of S. maltophilia isolates to antimicrobial agents commonly used in treatment and to investigate the presence of different classes of integrons and sul genes responsible for resistance. The study included 100 S. maltophilia isolates from various clinical samples sent to Balıkesir University Health Practice and Research Hospital Medical Microbiology Laboratory between 2017 and 2023. The BD Phoenix™ M50 Automated System was used for bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The susceptibility of isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was also studied by disk diffusion method. All isolates were investigated for sul1, sul2 genes and integron-associated integrase genes by polymerase chain reaction. The susceptibility rates of isolates to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin and ceftazidime were determined as 96%, 66% and 38%, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction results showed, intI1 and sul1 genes were found to be positive together in two isolates resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, while sul1 and sul2 genes were found in two separate isolates sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The intI2 gene was not detected in any isolate. This study addresses the clinically important problems of S. maltophilia infections, which are increasingly difficult to treat due to intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. By providing valuable information on antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance profiles of S. maltophilia isolates, it contributes to national data and guides efforts to control resistance and promote rational antibiotic use.
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌是一种机会致病菌，尤其在医院环境和免疫功能低下的个体中可引起感染。由于其对多种广谱抗生素耐药，临床实践中可用的治疗选择有限。本研究旨在评估嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌分离株对治疗中常用抗菌药物的敏感性谱，并调查负责耐药性的不同类型整合子和磺胺类基因的存在情况。该研究纳入了2017年至2023年间送至巴勒克埃西尔大学健康实践与研究医院医学微生物实验室的来自各种临床样本的100株嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌分离株。使用BD Phoenix™ M50自动化系统进行细菌鉴定和抗生素敏感性测试。还通过纸片扩散法研究了分离株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑的敏感性。通过聚合酶链反应对所有分离株进行磺胺类1、磺胺类2基因和整合子相关整合酶基因的检测。分离株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑、左氧氟沙星和头孢他啶的敏感率分别确定为96%、66%和38%。聚合酶链反应结果显示，在两株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药的分离株中，整合酶1和磺胺类1基因同时呈阳性，而在两株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑敏感的不同分离株中发现了磺胺类1和磺胺类2基因。在任何分离株中均未检测到整合酶2基因。本研究解决了嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌感染临床上重要的问题，由于内在和获得性耐药机制，这些感染越来越难以治疗。通过提供关于嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌分离株抗菌敏感性和耐药谱的有价值信息，它为国家数据做出贡献，并指导控制耐药性和促进合理使用抗生素的努力。
