Ye Yao, Ji Xiaowei, Xu Pengcheng, Peng Lin, Wang Lin, Liu Suying, Cheng Yunfeng, Dong Xi
Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan Universtiy, Shanghai 200032, China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
J Reprod Immunol. 2025 Aug;170:104540. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2025.104540. Epub 2025 May 15.
Macrophages play a vital role in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation. However, it remains unclear if macrophages in peripheral blood is associated with pregnancy outcomes of frozen embryo transfer during implantation window. 50 patients preparing for the first time of frozen embryo transfer (FET) and 17 patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF) from December 2022 to March 2023 were included in our present study. The percentages of peripheral macrophages and other immune cells (B-cell, T-cell, NK cell) were evaluated by flow cytometry. The concentrations of cytokines were verified with an IMMULITE 1000 Immunoassay System. FET patients were categorized into pregnant and nonpregnant groups according to clinical outcomes, respectively. The proportion of peripheral CD68CD163 M2 macrophages was increased in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women among the first time of FET patients. CD4 T helper cells were positively correlated with M2-like macrophages in these women. The pregnancy rate of women with higher peripheral CD163 + M2-like monocytes increased compared with women with lower peripheral CD163 + M2-like monocytes in an independent cohort according to the cutoff value of CD163 + M2-like monocytes in ROC curve. Our findings revealed that peripheral CD163 M2 macrophages in implantation window were associated with pregnancy outcomes. This indicated that the importance of peripheral M2 macrophages at the implantation site for pregnancy success.
巨噬细胞在子宫内膜容受性和胚胎着床中起着至关重要的作用。然而，外周血中的巨噬细胞是否与着床期冻融胚胎移植的妊娠结局相关仍不清楚。本研究纳入了2022年12月至2023年3月首次准备进行冻融胚胎移植（FET）的50例患者以及17例反复着床失败（RIF）的患者。通过流式细胞术评估外周巨噬细胞和其他免疫细胞（B细胞、T细胞、NK细胞）的百分比。采用免疫发光1000免疫分析系统验证细胞因子的浓度。FET患者根据临床结局分别分为妊娠组和非妊娠组。在首次FET患者中，妊娠女性外周CD68⁺CD163⁺ M2巨噬细胞的比例高于非妊娠女性。在这些女性中，CD4⁺辅助性T细胞与M2样巨噬细胞呈正相关。根据ROC曲线中CD163⁺ M2样单核细胞的截断值，在一个独立队列中，外周CD163⁺ M2样单核细胞水平较高的女性的妊娠率高于外周CD163⁺ M2样单核细胞水平较低的女性。我们的研究结果表明，着床期外周CD163⁺ M2巨噬细胞与妊娠结局相关。这表明着床部位外周M2巨噬细胞对妊娠成功的重要性。
