Guerri C, Sanchis R
Alcohol. 1985 Mar-Apr;2(2):267-70. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(85)90057-6.
Alcohol and acetaldehyde blood levels were measured in chronic alcoholic pregnant rats and their fetuses at 15, 19 and 21 days of gestation. Similar ethanol concentrations were found in fetal and maternal blood in all gestation periods studied, however levels in amniotic fluid were higher than in mother's blood, especially in the early stages of gestation. Acetaldehyde concentrations were always lower in fetal than in maternal blood although increasing throughout gestation. The levels in fetal blood and amniotic fluid compared to maternal blood, were ca. 40, 50 and 70% at 15, 19 and 21 days of gestation, respectively; those for the placenta and fetal tissues were lower, i.e., 25, 40 and 50%. Similar alcohol and acetaldehyde ratios (fetus/mother's concentration) were obtained when pregnant non-alcoholic rats were administered cyanamide and ethanol (2 g/kg) at 11, 15, 19 and 21 days of gestation. These results demonstrate that ethanol freely crosses the placental barrier, but there is a concentration gradient of acetaldehyde between mother and fetus which varies with gestation age.
在妊娠第15、19和21天，对慢性酒精中毒的怀孕大鼠及其胎儿的血液中的酒精和乙醛水平进行了测量。在所有研究的妊娠期，胎儿和母体血液中的乙醇浓度相似，然而羊水的浓度高于母体血液，尤其是在妊娠早期。胎儿血液中的乙醛浓度始终低于母体血液，尽管在整个妊娠期都在增加。与母体血液相比，胎儿血液和羊水中的浓度在妊娠第15、19和21天分别约为40%、50%和70%；胎盘和胎儿组织中的浓度较低，即25%、40%和50%。当在妊娠第11、15、19和21天给未饮酒的怀孕大鼠注射氨基氰和乙醇（2克/千克）时，获得了相似的酒精和乙醛比率（胎儿/母体浓度）。这些结果表明，乙醇可自由穿过胎盘屏障，但母体与胎儿之间的乙醛存在浓度梯度，且该梯度随胎龄而变化。
